Newsletter - Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences

ISSUE 61

AABC - volume 95.2 2023

I am very glad to introduce the second issue published by the Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (AABC), the sole broad multidisciplinary journal edited in Brazil. As known, we have adopted the continuous publication system, but still close issues that are not only published online, but also printed.

The issue 95-2 shows 60 papers in the following areas: Animal Science (AnSci -12), Health Sciences (HeSci -10), Ecosystems (Ecosy -9), Crop Science (CrSci -7), Chemical Sciences (ChSci - 4), Engineering Sciences (EnSci -4), Biomedical Sciences (BmSci -3), Geosciences (Geosci -3), Forestry Science (FoSci -3), Mathematical Sciences (MaSci -2), Soil Science (SoiSci -1), Microbiology (Mcbio -1), and Social Sciences (SocSci -1).

In Health Sciences, there is a paper that deals with the Klebsiella pneumoniae that is very resistant to several drugs, the applications of CRISPR/Cas system in South America, and new information about the effect of salazinic acid in mice livers.

Regarding ecosystems, there are several studies dealing with the question of preservation, from the toxicity of arsenic in catfishes, the impact of climate change in the cacti of the Caatinga biome and lizards, and indicator species that might be used in the restoration of highly fragmented forest area in Brazil.

Another study discussed the vulnerability of the environment of the Brazilian Amazon region, that, unfortunately, is progressing (Forestry Science) and researchers have provided an evaluation of the consumer preference regarding different coffee types (Crop Science).

I would also like to call your attention to a paper that investigates the perceptions of the Brazilian population about the human impacts on the environments (Social Sciences) and the editorial, that discusses the issue of publication fees.

Referring to publication charges, I would like to ask anyone to take this opportunity, while the AABC is still open access and does not charge for publications, to scroll through the text and download the study that might interest you. As usual, I would like to point out that all papers published from 2000 onwards are available at the SciELO site. Please send this and other newsletters (available at the ABC website) to your colleagues and students.

Alexander W. A. Kellner
Editor-in-Chief

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

1- New statistical process control charts for overdispersed count data based on the Bell distribution

LAION L. BOAVENTURA, PAULO H. FERREIRA, ROSEMEIRE L. FIACCONE, PEDRO L. RAMOS & FRANCISCO LOUZADA

Poisson distribution is a popular model used to describe count data, from which traditional control charts, such as c and u charts, have been established in the literature. Nevertheless, several studies recognize the need for alternative control charts that allow for data overdispersion, which can be encountered in many fields. In this paper, we consider the Bell distribution, proposed by Castellares et al. (2018), to introduce two new and alternative control charts for counting processes, which are capable of monitoring overdispersed data. Artificial and real datasets are used to illustrate the applicability and usefulness of the proposed Bell charts.  

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2- The Zero-Adjusted Log-Symmetric Distributions: Point and Intervalar Estimation

DIEGO RISCO-COSAVALENTE & FRANCISCO JOSÉ A. CYSNEIROS

In this paper, a new class of semi-continuous distributions called zero-adjusted log-symmetric is introduced and studied.   Some properties and parameters estimation by maximum likelihood method are derived and confidence intervals (CIs) are developed. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate properties of the maximum likelihood estimators in lighter/heavier-tailed distributions. Finally, an application in a real data set is presented to illustrate the flexibility of the proposed class of distributions.}In this paper, a new class of semi-continuous distributions called zero-adjusted log-symmetric is introduced and studied.   Some properties and parameters estimation by maximum likelihood method are derived and confidence intervals (CIs) are developed. A simulation study is conducted to evaluate properties of the maximum likelihood estimators in lighter/heavier-tailed distributions. Finally, an application in a real data set is presented to illustrate the flexibility of the proposed class of distributions.

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CHEMICAL SCIENCES

3-  Photocatalytic performance of SiO₂ @TiO₂ spheres in selective conversion of oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline

BRUNO C.B. SALGADO & ANTONINHO VALENTINI

Selective photocatalytic oxidation of benzyl alcohol to benzaldehyde and reduction of nitrobenzene to aniline reactions are investigated by using SiO₂@TiO₂ spheres produced in a simple route using chitosan as a template. The spheres are predominantly macroporous and, the XRD points out an amorphous crystallographic profile suggesting the uniform distribution of TiO₂. Under low-power lighting for 4 hours, the conversions achieved was of the order of 49% and 99% for benzyl alcohol and nitrobenzene, respectively, with selectivity to benzaldehyde and aniline of 99% in both reactions. The study also follows the effects of the solvent and the presence of O₂.

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4- Impact assessment of synthesis parameter stirring speed in final physicochemical properties of PU microcapsules incorporated into epoxy matrixes

ALEXANDRE ESTÊVÃO CARRARA, VINÍCIUS HENRIQUE DE S. RODRIGUES, RITA DE CÁSSIA L. DUTRA & JORGE CARLOS N. DUTRA

This work was developed at the Instituto Tecnológico de Aeronáutica-ITA and is a research entitled Impact assessment of the synthesis parameter stirring speed in final properties of PU microcapsules used as self-healing agent. It consists on a study to evaluate the effect that the change of synthesis parameter stirring speed has in final properties of PU microcapsules containing active diisocyanate, as well the effect of the incorporation of those microcapsules in epoxy matrixes. It is a recent research in the great scientific centers around the world and the results obtained with this work, conducted here in Brazil, are promising.

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5- TiO₂ nanotube arrays with visible light catalytic

ENYANG LIU & XIAOJIAN BI

The TiO₂ nanotube arrays were prepared by anodization, and the crystal structure was changed by calcination at different temperatures. The photocatalytic performance of the samples was measured by the degradation of rhodamine B under visible light. The reasons for improving the catalytic activity were studied from the aspects of crystal structure, surface morphology, and photoelectric properties, and the catalytic mechanism was studied. Compared with pure phase TiO₂, the charge transfer resistance is reduced and the electron-hole reorganization is well suppressed. In addition, it affects the band structure and improves the absorption of visible light.

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6- Physical, chemical and sensory implications of pequi (Caryocar brasiliense Camb.) sweet bread made with flour, pulp and fruit by-product

MARIANA C. DA CUNHA, LAILA H. TERRA, PIÊTRA CAMPOS E SOUSA, DAIANA R. VILELA, ANA LÁZARA OLIVEIRA, JÉSSYCA S. SILVA, SÉRGIO DOMINGOS SIMÃO, JOELMA PEREIRA, JOSÉ GUILHERME L.F. ALVES, ELISÂNGELA ELENA N. DE CARVALHO & EDUARDO V.B. VILAS BOAS

Making bread with flour and pulp from Cerrado fruits is a technologically viable alternative. Cerrado fruits, in general, have unique sensory characteristics, in addition to their nutritional and sensory potential. It is necessary to think of alternatives in the development of new food products, without compromising their quality. Just as Cerrado fruits can add value to bread, their inclusion in different formulations is a way of adding value to Cerrado fruits, contributing to the enhancement of their nutritional and sensory potential. This would certainly increase its supply, and could be used as a strategy to break regional boundaries, where these fruits are usually consumed, and provide new ways of generating income.

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BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

7- Partial characterization and anticoagulant activity of sulfated galactan from the green seaweed Halimeda opuntia

BIANCA B. COSTA, JESSICA L.D. GIANELLI, THAMYRIS A. MOREIRA, ANGELICA R. SOARES, BIANCA F. GLAUSER, PAULO A.S. MOURÃO, CHAQUIP D. NETO, CINTHIA M. BARROS & LEONARDO P. CINELLI

The number of deaths associated with cardiovascular diseases increases every year, leading to an intense search for new compounds that may be employed as anticoagulants. One of the classes of bioprospected molecules comprises sulfated polysaccharides (SP) from seaweed, as heparin displays many adverse effects associated with its use. The present study aimed to characterize and evaluate the anticoagulant potential of SP extracted from the green algae Halimeda opuntia.

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8- Established but not spreading: the tropical invasive snail Melanoides tuberculata in a geothermally warmed channel in temperate Southern Pampas

MARÍA E. SEUFFERT, NICOLÁS E. TAMBURI, LUCÍA SAVEANU, MARA A. MALDONADO, ENZO MANARA, FERNANDA M. GUROVICH, MARÍA J. TIECHER, SILVANA BURELA & PABLO R. MARTÍN

Melanoides tuberculata is a freshwater snail native to tropical Old World that has invaded tropical and subtropical regions around the world. In Argentina, established populations have been reported from tropical provinces. Here we report it in a geothermally warmed channel (20-40ºC) in temperate Southern Pampas, although it was not found in nearby basins. Shell shape variation encompasses shapes from other South American populations, suggesting that they belong to the same lineage. Distribution models predict that only the northernmost areas from Argentina are suitable for this species, where it could impact snail communities and food webs if introduction is not prevented.

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9- β-Cyclodextrins alter the energy metabolismrelated enzyme activities in rats

FRANCINE R. IANISKI, AMANDA L. DE OLIVEIRA, NATHANA JAMILLE MEZZOMO, ITIANE D. DE FRANCESCHI, GUILHERME M. DO CARMO, CAMILA R. CREMONESE, MATHEUS D. BALDISSERA, JENIFER P. ZANON, JENIFER KOLLING, JORDANA DANIELA FRIEDERICH, IVANA Z. DA SILVA, JANICE L. GIONGO, LUCIANE R. FEKSA, RODRIGO A. VAUCHER, CLOVIS MILTON D. WANNMACHER & VIRGINIA C. RECH

Cyclodextrins are used to promote the sustained release of drugs. In this paper, we evaluate the effects of β- cyclodextrins, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin on enzyme activities regulating the maintenance of energy homeostasis in the kidney and liver tissues in relation to toxicity. Serum levels of liver and kidney markers were measured, and oxidative stress parameters were assessed. After 60-day treatments, we demonstrated for the first time that the β- cyclodextrins, methyl-β-cyclodextrin, and (2-hydroxypropyl)-β-cyclodextrin cause bioenergetic dysfunction in renal and hepatic tissues. These findings suggest that understanding the balance between cyclodextrins’ efficacy and adverse effects is essential for better accepting their use in medicine.

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HEALTH SCIENCES

10- Effect of 2-chloro-N-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl) acetamide in combination with antibacterial drugs against Klebsiella pneumoniae

LAÍSA V. CORDEIRO, HELIVALDO D.S. SOUZA, ALESON P. SOUSA, FRANCISCO P. DE ANDRADE JÚNIOR, PEDRO T.R. DE FIGUEIREDO, RAFAEL F. DE OLIVEIRA, PETRÔNIO F. DE ATHAYDE FILHO, ABRAHÃO A. OLIVEIRA-FILHO & EDELTRUDES DE O. LIMA

Klebsiella pneumoniae is related to high rates of drug resistance. This research aimed to analyze the effects of the association of 2-chloro-N-(4-fluoro-3-nitrophenyl)acetamide with ciprofloxacin, cefepime, ceftazidime, meropenem and imipenem against K. pneumoniae strains. The results showed additivity when the substance was combined with ciprofloxacin and cefepime, indifference when associated with ceftazidime and synergistic effect when combined with meropenem and imipenem. The acetamide was able to optimize the effects of antibacterial drugs, reducing the concentrations necessary to cause bacterial death. These data indicate a potential future clinical use of these combinations, and further studies are needed to analyze this viability.

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11- Fisetin Attenuates Paracetamol-Induced Hepatotoxicity by Regulating CYP2E1 Enzyme

RUSTEM A. UGAN, ELIF CADIRCI, HARUN UN, IRFAN CINAR, MUHAMMET A. GURBUZ

Paracetamol (acetaminophen) is one of the most used analgesic and antipyretic drugs in the world. It can cause hepatotoxicity and even liver transplantation needs when taken in high doses. Fisetin has wide pharmacological effects such as anticancer, antiinflammatory and antioxidant. Fisetin administration decreased the ALT, AST and ALP levels in a dose dependent manner. In addition, SOD activity and GSH levels increased, and the MDA level decreased with the treatment of fisetin. The TNF-α, NFκB and CYP2E1 gene expressions were significantly lower in both doses of the fisetin groups compared with the only paracetamol given group.

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12- The effects of metyrosine on ischemia-reperfusion-induced oxidative ovarian injury in rats: Biochemical and histopathological assessment

OMER E. YAPCA, GULSAH A. YILDIZ, RENAD MAMMADOV, NEZAHAT KURT, BETUL GUNDOGDU, YUSUF K. ARSLAN, HALIS SULEYMAN & NIHAL CETIN

This study’s aim is to investigate the effect of metyrosine, which is a tyrosine enzyme inhibitor drug participating in catecholamine synthesis, on ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) induced ovarian injury in rats in terms of biochemistry and histopathology. Anti-ulcerous, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory effects of metyrosine indicate that it can protect the ovarian tissue against I/R injury. I/R led to oxidative stress and inflammatory injury in the ovarian tissue. In biochemical and histopathological evaluations, metyrosine was shown to suppress the oxidative and pro-inflammatory injury associated with I/R. These suggest that metyrosine can be useful in the treatment of I/R induced ovarian injury.

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13- Modeling of the Rating of Perceived Exertion Based on Heart Rate Using Machine Learning Methods

HUANHUAN ZHAO, YANG XU, YICHEN WU, ZUCHANG MA, ZENGHUI DING & YINING SUN

Rating of perceived exertion (RPE) can serve as a more convenient and economical alternative to heart rate (HR) for exercise intensity control. This study aims to develop the model predicting RPE from HR considering influencing factors. The influencing factors were identified with the forward selection method to train Gaussian Process regression (GPR), support vector machine (SVM) and linear regression models. The GPR model achieved an R² of 0.95, adjusted R² of 0.89 and RMSE of 0.52. It is possible to use GPR model to estimate RPE from HR accurately, after adjusting for age, RHR, CAP, BFR and BMI.  

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14- Effects of supplementation of tropical fruit processing by-products on lipid profile, retinol levels and intestinal function in Wistar rats

KAMILA S. BATISTA, HASSLER CLEMENTINO CAVALCANTE, JÉSSYCA A. DE SOUSA GOMES, LAIANE A. DA SILVA, NATÁLIA S. DE HOLANDA CAVALCANTI, ESTEFÂNIA F. GARCIA, FRANCISCA NAYARA D.D. MENEZES, TAMIRES A.S. DE LIMA, EVANDRO L. DE SOUZA, MARCIANE MAGNANI & JAILANE DE SOUZA AQUINO

Fruit by-products such as peels, seeds and bagasse, may have bioactive compounds that promote health, but are generally discarded by industry and by the population. Thus, we investigated the effects of supplementation with acerola, cashew and guava processing by-products for 28 days on retinol level, lipid profile and intestinal function in rats. Acerola and guava by-products reduced levels of triglycerides, total cholesterol, LDL and VLDL. All by-products increase the hepatic concentration of retinol and beneficial bacteria for intestinal function. The findings of this study can contribute to sustainable fruit growing and support future clinical studies with supplementation of by-products.

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15- CRISPR/Cas patents and health-related publications in South America

LARIANE FRÂNCIO, MARTIELA V. DE FREITAS & URSULA MATTE

This study reviews health-related applications of CRISPR/Cas system in South America. A total of 668 non-duplicated articles were retrieved from PubMed, being 192 health-related. Out of these, 95 had more than 50% of the authors affiliated with South American institutions. Experimental studies target different diseases, particularly cancer, neurological, and endocrine disorders. The 225 patents deposited on Patentscope, were mainly of foreign companies. Most of them refer to generic applications, but those with clear disease indications are for inborn errors of metabolism, ophthalmological, hematological, and immunological disorders. Few national innovations are protected by intellectual property in this field in South America.  

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16- Dietary lipids management: are there any benefits from the prevention and treatment of 4T1 murine breast carcinoma?

NICOLLE CAMILLA R. DA SILVA, YASMIM DE O.B. SILVA, JACQUELINE A. TAKAHASHI, SILVIA P. ANDRADE, GEOVANNI D. CASSALI & DIRCE R. DE OLIVEIRA

This study investigated the effect of vegetable and fish oils with different n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAS) ratios on the lipoprotein profile and the development of breast cancer in mice. Canola oil increased cell proliferation compared to soybean oil, and fish oil changed the inflammatory response and increased vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in tumors compared to other groups. The type of fatty acid and the high ratio of n-3 / n-6 PUFAs in the diet influenced cell proliferation and inflammation in the tumor, highlighting the increase of neutrophils and VEGF levels in animals fed on fish oil.

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17- Phytoconstituents, antioxidant and antiglycation activity of Chrysophyllum cainito L., Hancornia speciosa Gomes and Plinia glomerata Berg. Fruits

GUSTAVO R. MARTINS, JOÃO LUIZ BRONZEL JUNIOR, FILIPE O. GRANERO, CÉLIA CRISTINA M. FIGUEIREDO, LUCIANA P. SILVA & REGILDO MÁRCIO G. DA SILVA

In this study, we report for the first time the main classes of natural and nutritional compounds, as well as the antioxidant and antiglycation activities of Chrysophyllum cainito, Hancornia speciosa Gomes and Plinia glomerata Berg. used as unconventional wild edible and medicinal fruits. This is significant as it attributes important information for the use of these fruits not only in nutrition but also as a functional food with the potential in prevention and / or treatment of diseases correlated with oxidative stress and protein glycation. Besides demonstrating ecological importance of preserving wild species that produce fruits of high nutritional value.

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CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

18- Unraveling Polyphyly in Flourensia (Asteraceae, Heliantheae, Enceliinae) and the Establishment of a New Genus Austroflourensia

SUSANA E. FREIRE, JUAN C. OSPINA, LONE AAGESEN, LUIS ARIZA ESPINAR, JOSÉ L. PANERO & M. AMALIA SCATAGLINI

A phylogeny for Flourensia and other Enceliinae (Asteraceae, Heliantheae) was produced using the nuclear ribosomal ITS and plastid psbA- trnH regions. Results show strong evidence for the polyphyly of Flourensia identifying two well-supported groups: Flourensia, a clade from North America with thirteen species including the type F. laurifolia, and another clade, here described as the new genus Austroflourensia, containing twelve South American species. Austroflourensia can be mainly distinguished by having a shrubby or subshrubby habit, capitula always radiate usually arranged in weakly cymose-corymbose capitulescences, phyllaries 2-3-seriate, and disc corollas shortly dentate. New combinations in Flourensia and Austroflourensia are provided.

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19- Histological evaluation of the liver of mice with sarcoma-180 treated with salazinic acid

MARIA APARECIDA DA C. DE LIRA, MARLLYN M. DA SILVA, WANESSA K.M. SILVA, EMERSON P.S. FALCÃO, FRANCISCO C.A. DE AGUIAR JÚNIOR & SEBASTIÃO J. DE MELO

The main findings of this article relate to new information about the effect of salazinic acid in the liver tissue of mice exposed to sarcoma-180. This is the first work that depicts the potential of lichenic acid, extracted from Parmotrema concurrens, as a hepatoprotective agent in mice exposed to neoplastic cells.

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MICROBIOLOGY

20- Effect of Dietary Origanum onites on Growth, Non Specific Immunity and Resistance against Yersinia ruckeri of Rainbow Trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss)

ÖZNUR ÖZIL & ÖZNUR DİLER

Rainbow trout is an economically important fish species widely cultured in aquaculture. However, disease outbreaks caused pose challenges to the sustainability of rainbow trout farming. Antibiotics have been used to control such infections, but the emergence of antibiotic resistance has raised concerns about their long-term efficacy. Consequently, there is growing interest in finding alternative strategies to enhance fish health. This study demonstrated that dietary supplementation with Origanum onites has beneficial effects on growth, non-specific immunity, and resistance against Yersinia ruckeri in rainbow trout. Furthermore, it has been considered that the use of O. onites with vaccine increased efficacy of vaccine.

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ECOSYSTEMS

21- Seasonal arsenic in catfish (Siluriformes, Ariidae) and the hydrochemical conditions of two areas in a Ramsar site on the Brazilian coast

JULIANA S. AZEVEDO, ELISABETE S. BRAGA, LEONARDO S. KUNIYOSHI & DEBORAH INÊS T. FÁVARO

Arsenic is a metalloid without biological function and is considered a very toxic element. In our study, the bioindicator catfish Cathorops spixii, an estuarine fish with economic importance for local population in the Cananéia-Iguape Estuary (CIE), were analyzed regarding Arsenic contents. The CIE, southern coastal of Brazil, is part of a Marine Protected Area and classified as a wetland with international importance. Notably, fish from the best-preserved area of the estuary showed Arsenic concentrations around ten times higher than the maximum limit established for fish human consumption. However, these high concentrations could be associated with abiotic parameters of the water.

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22- Sexual dimorphism in shell shape: is Pomacea canaliculata an exception or an example among Neotropical apple snails?

NICOLÁS E. TAMBURI, MARÍA J. TIECHER, SILVANA BURELA & PABLO R. MARTÍN

Sexual dimorphism reports concentrate in a few apple snail species, either invaders or biocontrol agents, suggesting some taxonomic bias. We investigated the existence of sexual dimorphism in shells of Felipponea neritiniformis and Asolene platae, applying landmark-based geometric morphometrics and using Pomacea canaliculata as reference. Sexual dimorphism was found only in P. canaliculata and F. neritiniformis: male shells are smaller, with apertures relatively larger and more rounded than female ones. Using comparable methodologies and statistical power, sexual dimorphism is detectable in some apple snails but not in others, an interspecific variation deserving more research to establish its evolutionary and ecological correlates.

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23- Impacts of climate change on the potential distribution of epiphytic cacti in the Caatinga biome, Brazil

ARNÓBIO M.B. CAVALCANTE, AUGUSTO CÉSAR P. SAMPAIO, ARYBERG S. DUARTE & MARCOS AURÉLIO F. DOS SANTOS

The Caatinga biome is the largest dry tropical forest region in South America as well as one of the most vulnerable regions in the world to the climate changes forecast for this century. Climate forecasts for the biome include increased air temperature, reduced rainfall and aridization. This biome does not have a homogeneous landscape; instead it has several rainforest enclaves. This article describes a study to model the potential distribution of four epiphytic cactus species in the biome under future climate scenarios and traces out a prognosis for the enclaves and the biome.

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24- Accurate species distribution models: minimum required number of specimen records in the Caatinga biome

AUGUSTO CÉSAR P. SAMPAIO & ARNÓBIO DE M.B. CAVALCANTE

Species distribution models (SDMs) are one of the most widely used tools to predict áreas with potential for occurrence of native, invasive and endangered species, based on current and future environmenal and climate conditions. Despite their global use, evaluating the accuracy of SDMs based only on presence records is still a challenge. The performance of models depends on the sample size. Recently, studies to model the distribution of species in the Caatinga biome in Northeast Brazil have gained force, raising the question about the minimum number of presence records adjusted to different prevalences that are necessary to generate accurate SDMs.

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25- Threats from climate change for lizard species of a Neotropical mountain range

SAMUEL C. GOMIDES, JOÃO CARLOS PIRES-OLIVEIRA & TALITA M. MACHADO

Climate change poses a threat to biodiversity, particularly to species inhabiting elevated areas. To analyze the impact of climate change on lizards in tropical mountainous areas, we developed models of environmental suitability for two species and projected the outcomes for the present year and for 2070. The results showed a decline in areas of environmental suitability in future climate scenarios. Although the species were found in protected areas that offer climatic stability, the future is expected to witness a decrease in such areas. Therefore, conservation policies must incorporate long-term mitigation strategies to address the impact of climate change on biodiversity.

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26- Evaluating the impacts of Payment for Ecosystem Services (water supplies) in an agricultural system of the Brazilian Cerrado

FRANCIELE DE KÁSSIA DE OLIVEIRA, CAROLINA EMÍLIA DOS SANTOS, MARIANA N. SIQUEIRA, HAIHANI S. PASSOS & ALESSANDRO R. MORAIS

We investigated the effects of the Payment for Ecosystem Services (PES) in an agrisystem located in the Brazilian Midwest. Since 2011, this PES benefits the owners of rural properties that encompass 55 springs of the watercourses which supply water for consumption in the city of Rio Verde, Goiás. The vegetation cover around the springs increased by 2.24% on average, seven years after the implantation of the PES. There was little difference in the change of vegetation cover maintained over the study years (2005, 2011, and 2017), however, the vegetation cover increased for 17 springs, decreased for 11 springs.  

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27- The selection of indicator species of birds and mammals for the monitoring of restoration areas in a highly fragmented forest landscape

FERNANDA C. MARQUES, GABRIELA M. BOCHIO, MARCOS R. LIMA & LUIZ DOS ANJOS

We select indicator species of birds and mammals to be used for the evaluation of restoration sites in a highly fragmented forest landscape in southern Brazil. Because the studied area presented low value of Biotic Integrity, we had to base the selection on a method of Individual Indicate Value. We recorded 102 bird species and 27 mammal species. Six bird and four mammal species were selected as indicators, which could help evaluate the recovery of restoration sites. Our study presents an alternative procedure to select indicators in highly fragmented landscapes where species of conservation concern are missing.  

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28- Implementation of modified protocols under the principle of sustainability forseismic acquisition in lentic systems

KARINA C. ROMERO & MARÍA TERESA R. FRUTOS

In order to use sustainable methodologies in the exploration of oil and gas in lentic aquatic systems, a modified methodology (MTR) was implemented in each phase. Simultaneously, water quality, sediment, and organisms were evaluated to detect possible effects. Results included non-compaction of the sediment and less resuspension of dissolved solids and nutrients. Effects such as the increase in blue-green algae and the decrease in benthic macroinvertebrates showed rapid recovery (<15 days) as well as the resuspension of sulfates. Finally, MTR Methodology was feasible, of low magnitude, punctual effect, and rapid recovery for the intervened aquatic systems.

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29- Cecidomyiidae (Diptera) on Myrtaceae in Brazil: richness and geographic distribution

VALÉRIA C. MAIA & KAREN D. DA CRUZ

Myrtaceae have a wide geographical distribution in Brazil and host a great richness of Cecidomyiidae (Diptera), the most frequent gall-inducing insects. We provide the first list of cecidomyiid species on Myrtaceae and analyze their distribution in Brazilian phytogeographic domains, adding new data. In Brazil, 13 species of Myrtaceae (all native and useful) host 25 described species of Cecidomyiidae, 64% of them occur exclusively on endemic hosts. They have been reported in five phytogeographic domains, but 92% are known from the Atlantic Forest and 60% are restricted to a single Brazilian state, indicating their still poorly known geographic distribution.

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GEOSCIENCES

30- Imputation of precipitation data in northeast Brazil

DANIELE T. RODRIGUES, WEBER A. GONÇALVES, CLÁUDIO MOISÉS S. E SILVA, MARIA HELENA C. SPYRIDES & PAULO SÉRGIO LÚCIO

This article evaluates four statistical methods of multiple imputation to fill in the missing data of daily precipitation in Northeast Brazil NEB. We used a daily database collected by 94 rain gauges distributed in NEB from January 1, 1986 to December 31, 2015. The methods were random sampling from the observed values predictive mean matching, Bayesian linear regression and bootstrap expectation maximization algorithm BootEm. To compare these methods, missing data from the original series were initially excluded. 

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31- Thermostructural Evaluation of the Muriaé Watershed (Rio de Janeiro portion)

SUZE N.P. GUIMARÃES, FÁBIO P. VIEIRA & HELLEN R. BARBOZA

Watersheds can be considered sources of relevant information on the evolution of the Earth's crust, since the landforms that define watersheds are consequences of the interaction between tectonic, pedogenic, weathering and thermal processes. Thus, in this study we identified some thermal variations in the upper crust in the Muriaé watershed, located in the northwest region of the Rio de Janeiro state. These thermal variations together with local tectonic and morphological information allowed the classification of three distinct regions within the basin itself. This distinction shows the use of non-invasive geophysical methods to study the subsurface to locate possible energy targets.

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32- Status of mangroves land use on the Brazilian Amazon coast from RapidEye imagery and GEOBIA approach

SANAE N. HAYASHI, PEDRO WALFIR M. SOUZA-FILHO, WILSON R. NASCIMENTOJR & MARCUS E.B. FERNANDES

Given the ecological and socioeconomic importance of the mangroves of the Brazilian Amazon coast, satellite images were analyzed to recognize mangrove forest and salt flat changes to different land use. Results show that mangroves are still very well preserved. The human settlements have been the principal causes of the mangrove forest loss. In contrast, aquaculture plays as secondary role in the loss of mangroves habitat in comparison to other regions of South America and Asian. Human activities demand more attention and policies to support mangrove conservation.

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ANIMAL SCIENCE

33- Effect of spineless cactus [Nopalea cochenillifera (L.) Salm Dyck] on nutrient intake, ingestive behaviour, and performance of lambs

SHARLENY B.L. BEZERRA, RÓBSON M.L. VÉRAS, ÂNGELA M.V. BATISTA, ADRIANA GUIM, MICHEL DO V. MACIEL, DANIEL B. CARDOSO, DORGIVAL M. DE LIMA JÚNIOR & FRANCISCO F.R. DE CARVALHO

The forage cactos (FC) is a cactus widely used in feeding herds of small ruminants. Due to its high moisture content, we observed that animals fed FC (at the level of 40% of dry matter - DM) do not need to ingest liquid water. In addition, the supply of up to 40% FC improved the nutrient intake and digestibility by sheep. The weight gain of the animals was also greater with the inclusion of 40% FC in DM of the diet. Therefore, FC is an important food resource, mainly for livestock raised in arid and semi-arid areas of the world.

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34- Effects of an immune challenge on the thermal preferences of adult and newborn Liolaemus lizards from Patagonia, Argentina

FERNANDO DURAN, JORGELINA M. BORETTO, LEANDRO A. BECKER & NORA R. IBARGÜENGOYTÍA

Body temperature has relevant effects on the immune response. We characterized the thermal biology and health condition of Liolaemus kingii. In addition, we analyzed the effects of injections of a bacterial endotoxin (lipopolysaccharide; LPS) on the preferred temperature and body condition of adult males and newborns. LPS-challenged lizards thermoregulated accurately and at stable body temperatures within the 50% interquartile of Tp over the 72-hour period, while the control group showed a more variable and lower Tp. This work constitutes an experimental approach to assess the immunological constraints lizards from high-latitude regions may face due to global warming and anthropogenic disturbances.

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35- Evaluation of the type of silo associated or not with additives on the nutritional value, aerobic stability, and microbiology of pearl millet silage

MICHELE GABRIEL CAMILO, ALBERTO M. FERNANDES, ELIZABETH F. PROCESSI, OLNEY V. DA MOTTA, JOÃO PAULO S. ROSEIRA & TADEU S. DE OLIVEIRA

The ensiling is one of the most critical moments in the entire silage-making process, as it refers to good silo conditioning, storage, and sealing practices to ensure proper fermentation, conservation, and maintenance of good-quality biomass brought from the field. At this stage, the quality potential of silage from good crops can be lost due to errors in the process. In this paper, we evaluated the effectiveness of additives, and combinations between additives should be evaluated initially using laboratory-scale silos. We consider relevant the fact of experimental silos can be used if the fermentation process is reasonably similar to what occurs in agricultural-scale silos.  

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36- Microencapsulated herbal components in the diet of Lacaune ewes: impacts on physiology and milk production and quality

MARILY G. DA CUNHA, DAVI FERNANDO ALBA, KAROLINE W. LEAL, HIAM MARCON, CARINE F. MILARCH, MATHEUS D. BALDISSERA, RENATA L. KAVALEK, ANIELA P. KEMPKA, MARCELO VEDOVATTO & ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA

Use of technologies in feeding is important to enhance milk production in ewes. Microencapsulation of herbal components is a strategy to reduce the dose and maximize absorption. A blend based on thymol, carvacrol, and microencapsulated cinnamaldehyde added to sheep feed after the peak of lactation increased production efficiency and reduced feed conversion. The consumption of the additive by the sheep stimulated the humoral immune response, increasing levels of globulins. The consumption of the blend has an anti-inflammatory effect reflected in the reduction of count of somatic cells in milk.

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37- New avian hosts for Taphropiestes plaumanni (Coleoptera: Cavognathidae) and the record of nestlings skin lesions and body deterioration associated with parasitism

EXEQUIEL GONZALEZ, ADRIÁN JAUREGUI, ROXANA MARIANI & LUCIANO N. SEGURA

We monitored bird nests during three breeding seasons (2015-2018) to assess the effects of the parasite Taphropiestes plaumanni. We found 13 nests in which nestlings showed evidences of parasitism of which four species are new hosts for this parasite. This parasite larvae caused skin lesions which consisted of lacerations and crusts on the belly and chest areas. Furthermore, in one nest of Vermilion Flycatcher and one nest of Masked Gnatcatcher we observed the death of nestlings due to this parasite. This study reports nestling skin lesions in parasitized nests, and reports for the first time the death of parasitized nestlings.

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38- Environmental factors determining the diversity of darkling beetles (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) in arid, high-altitude environments in Northwestern Argentina

HILDA B. MACAGNO, IVANNA G. CRUZ, SANDRA M. RODRÍGUEZ-ARTIGAS, JOSÉ A. CORRONCA & GUSTAVO E. FLORES

The arid mountains of Puna and the High Andes in Argentina are home to a rich diversity of poorly understood endemic darkling beetles. In this study, we compared the diversity of Tenebrionidae (darkling beetles) inhabiting the two ecosystems in the western province of Salta and measured environmental variables that may have influenced it. We observed that the diversity of these insects did not vary with the elevation of the study sites, but was highly dependent on soil, vegetation, climate, and geographic distance.

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39- Parasitological survey of coastal birds from the Magellanic coast, Southwestern Atlantic Ocean

CARMEN GILARDONI, ELIANA LORENTI, JULIA I. DIAZ, SOLEDAD LEONARDI & FLORENCIA CREMONTE

Coastal birds feed on a huge variety of invertebrates and fish and could be infected by a diversity of parasites. The knowledge of bird parasites is scarse in the Southern Atlantic Ocean and this study contribute to increase the parasite diversity. Four bird species were dissected by parasites (Blackish Oystercatcher, Kelp Gull, Dolphin Gull and Crested Duck) and we record different parasite taxa (lices, cestodes, nematodes, trematodes, acantocephalans).

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40- Cytogenetic characterization of the golden mussel (Limnoperna fortunei) reveals the absence of sex heteromorphic chromosomes

ARYANE C. REIS, DANIELLE AMARAL, JULIANA A. AMERICO, MAURO F. REBELO & SAULO M. DE SOUSA

The golden mussel is an invasive species in South America that causes harm to native species and freshwater ecosystems. Its high reproduction rate is a key factor in its invasive potential. Efforts have been made to understand its reproduction and sexual features, but its cytogenetic characterization is limited. We aimed to characterize the chromosomal morphometry and distribution of heterochromatin and investigate possible sex-related epigenetic marks in this species. Results showed no difference in karyotypic structure or chromosome heteromorphism between males and females. These findings provide information for future studies on the reproduction and sex determination of the golden mussel.  

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41- Taxonomic revision of the Peruvian genus Pilobaloderes Kulzer, 1958 (Coleoptera, Tenebrionidae, Pimeliinae, Praociini)

GUSTAVO E. FLORES & ALFREDO E. GIRALDO-MENDOZA

The Praociini tribe is a group of 150 small species of darkling beetles that inhabit arid environments from northern Peru to Tierra del Fuego and are little known. In this work we study the genus Pilobaloderes including two species living in the mountains of northern Peru. One of these species is described as new and we found that males and females have unique differentiating features within the Praociini in the fore tibiae. Characters of the male and female genitalia are studied; illustrations of the external morphology that differentiate both species and a map with the geographic distribution are presented.

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42- Industrial egg residue as a calcium source in broiler feed: digestibility and growth performance

CLAUDIO NOVACK, MARCEL M. BOIAGO, ALINE ZAMPAR, MAURICIO BARRETA, ROSILENE OLIVEIRA, EDUARDO ROSCAMP, JÉSSICA D. DILKIN, TIAGO G. PETROLLI, DENISE N. ARAUJO, FERNANDO C. TAVERNARI, MARCOS T. LOPES & ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA

Broiler chicken production is one of the activities that require the most feed in Brazilian animal production, with emphasis on corn and soybean meal. However, other ingredients from finite sources such as limestone are used to meet the requirements of animals and need possible sustainable substitutes. This article shows that the residue from the industrialization of eggs, which today is discarded in the environment, can replace limestone without harming the performance of the birds, being, therefore, a promising source of calcium for animal feed.

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43- Intake, digestibility and ruminal parameters of lambs fed with increasing levels of wheat bulgur

FRANCISCO ANTONIO PIRAN FILHO, EMILYN MIDORI MAEDA, ANA CAROLINA FLUCK, MARIANNE CRISTINA GONÇALVES HASSE, DIANA GILIOLI, EMANOELE CRISTINA WEISS & OLMAR ANTÔNIO DENARDIN COSTA

The use of wheat bulgur in the non-ruminants feeding has been evaluated in several studies, but for ruminants there is a lack of information. The wheat bulgur is a by-product obtained through wheat classification, consisting of well-formed grain in a smaller size, composed by that leak through oblong mesh sieves of 1.75 mm x 20.00 mm. As it is an unconventional food, its composition presents great variability, making its evaluation very important. Thus, this study aimed to evaluate the effect of the inclusion of wheat bulgur in the diet on intake, digestibility, N balance and ruminal parameters in cannulated lambs.

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44- Preliminary population studies of the grassland swallowtail butterfly Euryades corethrus (Lepidoptera, Papilionidae)

GUILHERME WAGNER G. ATENCIO, REBECA ZANINI, MARÍNDIA DEPRÁ & HELENA P. ROMANOWSKI

Euryades corethrus [Boisduval, 1836] is common in southern Brazil but little is known about its biology. From the animals collected during previous field work, 80 individuals of 8 different locations had the molecular marker Cytochrome Oxidase I (COI) sequenced. Analyses of those sequences showed gene flow between those populations and no population structure. There is evidence that this population is panmitic as well as one of the last havens for it in the Brazilian territory. This data is essential for conservation and management strategies for this species which seems to be suffering from habitat loss and mortality due to pesticides.

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CROP SCIENCE

45- Genomic relationships of the polyploid rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth.) inferred by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH)

ALEJANDRA MARCELA ORTIZ, LAURA CHALUP, MARÍA CELESTE SILVESTRI, GUILLERMO SEIJO & GRACIELA INÉS LAVIA

Rhizoma peanut (Arachis glabrata Benth., section Rhizomatosae) is a tetraploid perennial legume. Although several A. glabrata cultivars have been developed as forage and ornamental turf, the genetic variability in the commercial cultivars is reduced and, the origin and genomic constitution of this species are still unknown. We evaluated the affinity between the genomes of A. glabrata and the probable diploid donors of the sections Rhizomatosae, Arachis, Erectoides and Procumbentes by genomic in situ hybridization (GISH). Our results support the autopolyploid origin of A. glabrata and show that the species with E2 subgenome are the most probable ancestors of this species.  

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46- Search hours for food attractant by Anastrepha fraterculus and Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) adults in guava orchards

JAVIER ANTONIO CONTRERAS-MIRANDA, BRUNA PIOVESAN, DANIEL BERNARDI & DORI EDSON NAVA

The South American fruit fly Anastrepha fraterculus and the Mediterranean fruit fly Ceratitis capitata (Diptera: Tephritidae) are the main pests of Brazilian fruit growing. In this work, we observed that the time of greatest capture of adults of A. fraterculus and C. capitata in traps baited with different food attractants occurred during the daytime between 6:30 am to 6:30 pm for both species, with the peak occurring from 12:31 pm to 4:30 pm, morning time. higher temperature. The definition of the period of greatest activity of fruit fly adults in the field will help in the elaboration and design of management strategies to be adopted.

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47- Consumer acceptability and fragrance quality differentiate on of Mogiana coffee types using the Check-All-That-Apply (CATA) method

LUIZA Z. BENEDITO, CLARA MARIANA G. LIMA, FABIANA C. PIRES, ANA ELISA AMARAL, SILVANI VERRUCK & ROSEMARY G.F.A. PEREIRA

This article on the evaluation of consumer perception of coffee quality through the fragrance of roasted and ground coffee powder. The market survey involved 693 coffee consumers, and the results showed that consumers considered taste, aroma, purity, and origin as the most important characteristics of coffee quality. The sensory analysis involved 100 consumers, and results showed that consumers were able to perceive the quality of coffee through the fragrance of the powder, and the previous information about quality had an influence on their perception. Therefore, the authors suggested using this mechanism to add value to the product.

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48- The action of clove (Syzygium aromaticum) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) essential oils in the control of Acanthhoscelides obtectus (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae) in laboratory

ADÉLIO Z. MUSSALAMA, CRISTIANO M. TEIXEIRA, ADRISE M. NUNES, CLAUDIO M.P. PEREIRA & FLÁVIO R.M. GARCIA

The results demonstrate that the essential oils of cloves and thyme caused 100% of mortality of Acanthoscelides obtectus after 48 and 72 hours, respectively, in the 20% concentration. The Cl50 was estimated at 30.46 µL mL-1 for the oil of cloves and 24.93 µL mL-1 for the oil of thyme. The use of essential oils of cloves and thyme represent a viable alternative for use in storehouses for the integrated management of A. obtectus.

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49- Acclimatization of Sweet Potatoes Under in vitro Application of Diatomaceous Earth

ALTINO JÚNIOR M. OLIVEIRA, IVAN MARCOS RANGEL JUNIOR, FILIPE A. RODRIGUES, ADALVAN DANIEL MARTINS, VYTÓRIA P.I. CAVALCANTI, JOYCE DÓRIA & MOACIR PASQUAL

Sweet potato is a crop produced even under difficult growth conditions, but the pests and diseases can decrease your productivity. Diatomaceous earth is an organic material rich in silicon with great potential of use in the propagation of crops and improving plant resistance against pests and diseases. In this study was evaluated the effects of diatomaceous earth applied in vitro in sweet potato after acclimatization. The application of diatomaceous earth had beneficial effects during the acclimatization of the sweet potato plants and achieved adequate plant development and resistance to biotic and abiotic effects in relation control treatment.

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50- Response of Soybean Cultivars to Oxidative Stress caused by Meloidogyne javanica

PAULO SERGIO DOS SANTOS, IVAN F.D. DA COSTA, SIMONE G. MINUZZI, CRISTIANO BELLÉ, GRACIELI REBELATTO, ANDREZZA N. LOPES & LEONARDO FURLANI

This study aimed to investigate the response of soybean cultivars with different susceptibility levels to the root-knot nematode Meloidogyne javanica at varied time intervals by analyzing the initial plant–nematode interaction using antioxidant enzymes as oxidative stress markers. Oxidative stress caused by M. javanica did not vary among the soybean cultivars regardless of their susceptibility level; however, the antioxidant enzymes phenol peroxidase (POX) and ascorbate peroxidase responded according to the susceptibility level of the cultivars.

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51- Diagrammatical scale to quantify herbivory severity on feijoa leaf caused by Paraulaca dives (Coleoptera: Chrysomelidae)

GILBERTO C.C. CARMONA, GILBERTO S. ANDRADE, IDEMIR CITADIN, ANGELA ROHR, MARCOS R. SACHET, JOEL DONAZZOLO, JOSÉ R.R. CAMPOS & MOESES A. DANNER

This article present the characterization of the damages caused by Paraulaca dives in feijoa and the diagrammatic scale developed to evaluate the severity of herbivory. The beetles caused damage mainly on leaves, during the spring season. The diagrammatic scale of herbivory severity was represented by seven levels. The use of this diagrammatic scale significantly increased the precision and accuracy of severity estimates by inexperienced evaluators people. Our findings could be helpful in strategies to control this pest in the feijoa orchards in Brazil.

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SOIL SCIENCE

52- Edaphic fauna in soil profile after three decades of different soil management and cover crops in a subtropical region

RODRIGO F. RAMOS, IVAN R.C. KROLOW, DANIELA R.V. KROLOW, TÂNIA BEATRIZ G.A. MORSELLI, ADEMIR CALEGARI, NARIANE DE ANDRADE, ZAIDA I. ANTONIOLLI & DANILO S. RHEINHEIMER

We evaluated the effects of winter cover crops and conventional tillage and no-tillage systems on edaphic fauna in a long-term experiment (30 years). Winter crops (black oat and hairy vetch) associated with long-term no-tillage system resulted in fauna densities similar to the natural environment (native forest). Our results demonstrate that the adoption of the no-tillage system, associated with the adoption of winter cover crops, favors the edaphic fauna biodiversity.

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FORESTRY SCIENCE

53- Use of machine learning as a tool for determining fire management units in the brazilian atlantic forest

RONIE S. JUVANHOL, NILTON CESAR FIEDLER, ALEXANDRE R. DOS SANTOS, TELMA M.O. PELUZIO, WELLINGTON B. DA SILVA, CHRISTIANO JORGE G. PINHEIRO & HELBECY CRISTINO P. DE SOUSA

Geoprocessing techniques are generally applied in natural disaster risk management due to their ability to integrate and visualize different sets of geographic data. This study falls within spatial modeling and analysis using machine learning techniques to evaluate fire prediction. The decision tree model generated by CART algorithm, presents advantages over some techniques. The model allows understand how the variables predictors are related and locally influence the fire management areas. Thus, the forest manager can get insights about the causes of fire occurrences and consider this information to establish the priority conservation regions according to the local environmental resilience and valuation.

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54- Influence of juvenile wood proportion on density and modulus of elasticity in softwood boards for structural use: a preliminary study

TALITHA O. ROSA, SETSUO IWAKIRI, ROSILANI TRIANOSKI, RODRIGO F. TEREZO & JOÃO L.B. RIGHEZ

Juvenile wood has a negative impact on the mechanical properties of wood, especially by reducing stiffness. Thus, the study approaches the maximum amount of juvenile wood acceptable in boards, for them to be considered a structural board by European standards. As the Pinus taeda grown in Brazilian Forests has fast-growing, it was concluded that boards from trees until 12 years do not present the minimum stiffness to be a structural board. However, boards from trees over 18 years can be classified as structural. The results indicated the potential of Pinus taeda to provide lumber with higher qualities.

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55- Environmental vulnerability evolution in the Brazilian Amazon

NILTON C. FIEDLER, RICARDO M.M. DE JESUS, FELIPE Z. MOREIRA, ANTONIO H.C. RAMALHO, ALEXANDRE R. DOS SANTOS & KAÍSE B. DE SOUZA

The study conducted from 2001 to 2013 identifies the environmental vulnerability in the Amazon biome. It reveals that urban expansion has a direct impact on the region's vulnerability. The conversion of savannah into agricultural and vegetation mosaics is a predominant factor. This study serves as valuable support to mitigate the evolution of environmental vulnerability. Furthermore, the proposed methodology is feasible and can be adapted to other areas, offering a broader perspective on the environmental challenges we face globally. By understanding and addressing these vulnerabilities, we can work towards sustainable solutions for the Amazon and beyond.

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ENGINEERING SCIENCES

56- Numerical analysis of failure mechanism observed in backfills supported by masonry walls

ADLEN ALTUNBAS, OZDEN SAYGILI, M. KUBILAY KELESOGLU & JOSE V. LEMOS

The stability of masonry retaining walls relies on their ability to resist lateral forces, which is determined by the geometry of the failure surface. This study used the discrete element method to explore how wall and backfill properties affect the geometry of the failure surface in cohesionless backfills. By varying three types of binder, wall-backfill interface properties, and loose to dense backfill soil conditions, the study found that while thin rigid walls behave as predicted by classical earth pressure theory, wider masonry walls have wider and deeper failure surfaces, particularly on the active side.  

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57- Sliding Mode-Based Active Disturbance Rejection Control of Assistive Exoskeleton Device for Rehabilitation of Disabled Lower Limbs

NASIR A. ALAWAD, AMJAD J. HUMAIDI & AHMED S. ALARAJI

The main causes of acute and long-term disabilities are neurological injuries due to strokes, heart attacks and spinal cord injuries. The traditional treatment of these disabled individuals is to perform manually repeated exercises under supervision of physicians. In order to mitigate the reliance on these time-consumptive rehabilitation exercises, actuated bio-engineering exoskeletons have been used as alternatives. These robot-assisted devices are capable of measuring, quantifying, and recording the treatment progress for each patient by employing special sensors. However, the exact modeling and precise parameter acquisition for the exoskeleton knee-assistive system is the critical problem in using such devices; especially if the system is used by more than one person. Therefore, robust and accurate control scheme have become an inevitable demand of this application. In this study, the ADRC is combined with sliding mode control (SMC) to get their powerful characteristics in terms of rejection capability and robustness characteristics.

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58- Optimization of the adsorption and desorption processes of nickel octaethylporphyrin in carbon-based adsorbents

GABRIELA C. CAETANO, LAIANE A. DE ANDRADE, PAULO ROBERTO MARTINS & INDIANARA C. OSTROSKI

The extraction of porphyrins from heavy oil can be used to combine the improvement of the refining process performance with production of materials with biomarker, catalytic and energetic properties. In the literature, the separation processes have already been reported for separation of petroporphyrins but their recovery has not yet been evaluated. In this study, adsorption-desorption cycles were used to optimize the effects of quantitative and qualitative experimental conditions on the adsorption and desorption processes of synthetic nickel octaethylporphyrin, from an organic solution, in carbon-based adsorbents. Under optimal conditions, in the adsorption-desorption cycles, about 77% of the adsorbed porphyrins were recovered.

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59- Modeling the electrical conductivity value of the model solution

SERDAL SABANCI, KÜBRA KAYA & ALİ GÖKSU

Ohmic heating system is one of the current electrical heating processes and many researchers prefer to use it in different areas. Since it is an electrical heating process, molecular and ionic mobility are important factors for heating time and heating rate. Therefore, the effects of ionic (pH) and molecular mobility (sugar solution) on electrical conductivity (EC) were investigated mathematically in this study. Both pH and total soluble solid content (TSSC) of the solution had an effect on EC of the heated sugar solution. The EC change of the heated solution at various pH and TSSC has been expressed mathematically and is expected to make a significant contribution to the literature.

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SOCIAL SCIENCES

60- Perceptions about massive environmental impacts: a Brazilian study case

FLÁVIA DE F. MACHADO, GABRIEL DE A. BATISTA, LAURA B.P. SOUZA, ARLEU B. VIANA-JUNIOR & ALESSANDRA BERTASSONI

We study investigated the Brazilian citizens' perceptions of the country's overall environmental situation and their degree of impact from the 2019 Brumadinho dam collapse, oil spills, and fires in the Amazon. We used structured online surveys to collect data from 775 respondents aged 18 and above through Facebook's social media network. Educational background influenced respondents' impact levels, while age, proximity, and income levels explained their impact degrees. Respondents held the government, criminal activity, and private companies responsible for the disasters, which reflect concerns about environmental laws and protections in Brazil that endanger the environment and biodiversity.  

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All abstracts of the publications were provided by the respective authors.

Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences
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