Newsletter - Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences

ISSUE 48

AABC - Volume 93.4 2021

This is the fourth regular issue of the Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences (AABC) with 65 papers in a variety of fields: Mathematical Sciences (5), Physical Sciences (3), Chemical Sciences (2), Biomedical Sciences (1), Health Sciences (3), Cellular and Molecular Biology (1), Microbiology (4), Ecosystems (13), Animal Science (7), Crop Science (6), Soil Science (6), Forestry Science (2), Engineering Sciences (4) and Social Sciences (8). With articles covering 14 of the 16 fields of the AABC, it is very difficult to point out the highlights.

Among the papers that have caught the attention of the editorial board is a study on substances produced by corals that might have application to restrain cancer (Chemical Sciences) and a survey regarding articles published on Covid-19 (Health Sciences).

As has become quite the norm, Ecosystems tends to have more contributions. In this issue there are papers on trophic dynamic regarding anurans from Colombia, invasion of piranha species, albinism in caatinga bats, and discussion about the consequences of cyanobacteria in one specific Amazon area.

Crop Science shows some studies regarding soybean crop, such as models to evaluate evapotranspiration to products useful for controlling caterpillar, and Microbiology has papers on lung infections in bovines and biotechnological potential of some microorganisms.

This issue also presents several papers in Social Sciences, such as a study that discusses the perception of the younger Brazilian generations of science and technology, the different factors that might influence research output, and a discussion of open access publications and article processing charges - a debated topic.

I would like also to suggest a brief look on the editorial, that shows recurrent problems regarding the Impact Factor - again, articles go missing...

As always, I would like to call your attention that since 2000 all papers published by the AABC can be downloaded free of charge at the SciELO site. Also, have a look at previous editions of the Newsletter - there might be papers that could be of interest to your research.

Alexander W. A. Kellner
Editor-in-Chief

MATHEMATICAL SCIENCES

1- Prevalence ratio estimation via logistic regression: a tool in R

LEILA D. AMORIM & RAYDONAL OSPINA

The article presents statistical methodology and computational tools available in a free software environment for implementing techniques capable of measuring the risks associated to the occurrence of events. We summarize the statistical methodology and provide detailed description of the software syntax. Two applications illustrate the methodology: the first is related to randomized trials aimed to compare treatment programs in the reduction of drug abuse. The other data are from a survey on primary education in Thailand to predict the school failure. Our package prLogistic in software R is easily used, contributing to make these methodologies more accessible to applied researchers.

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2- Topp–Leone odd log-logistic exponential distribution: Its improved estimators and applications

AHMED Z. AFIFY, HAZEM AL-MOFLEH & SANKU DEY

In the evolving scenario, statisticians devote great attention in defining new classes of univariate distributions by adding one or more extra parameter to an existing family of distribution functions. Often introducing an extra parameter brings more flexibility to a class of distribution functions, which is very useful for data analysis purposes. One fundamental aspect of any probability distribution is the estimation of parameter(s) and for this purpose, researcher(s) now-a-days adopt different estimation methods and select the most efficient estimation method which may benefit the applied statisticians. Besides, one important aspect of the proposed model is that it provides better fits than some well-known models using two engineering data sets.

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3- Rational first integrals of the Liénard equations: The solution to the Poincaré problem for the Liénard equations

JAUME LLIBRE, CLAUDIO PESSOA & JARNE D. RIBEIRO

The famous French mathematician Henry Poincaré in 1891 asked about the necessary and sufficient conditions in order to characterize when a polynomial differential system in the plane (i.e. a system of the form x'=P(x,y), y'=Q(x,y), with P and Q polynomials in two variables) has a rational first integral. Here we solve this question for the class of Liénard differential equations x'' + f(x) x'+ x = 0, being f(x) a polynomial of arbitrary degree. As far as we know it is the first time that all rational first integrals of a relevant class of polynomial differential equations of arbitrary degree has been classified.

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4- The Asymmetric Power-Student-t Model for Censored and Truncated Data

ROGER TOVAR-FALÓN, HELENO BOLFARINE & GUILLERMO MARTÍNEZ-FLÓREZ

In regression analysis, is very common to find that the study variable is limited or censored. In medical applications, for example, in the development of new vaccines, the responses may be limited due to the sensitivity of the measuring devices, in economic analyzes, studies that involve collecting information on employee salaries, social phenomena, or applications in physics and engineering, among others. A statistical methodology is presented to carry out regression analysis for data with the characteristics described above. A simulation study to study the benefits and limitations of the new methodology and applications to real data sets are presented.

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5- Bayesian inference for the log-symmetric autoregressive conditional duration model

JEREMIAS LEÃO, RAFAEL PAIXÃO, HELTON SAULO & THEMIS LEÃO

This paper adapts Hamiltonian Monte Carlo methods for application in log-symmetric autoregressive conditional duration models. These recent models are based on a class of log-symmetric distributions. In this class, it is possible to model both median and skewness of the duration time distribution. We use the Bayesian approach to estimate the model parameters of some log-symmetric autoregressive conditional duration models and evaluate their performance using a Monte Carlo simulation study. The usefulness of the estimation methodology is demonstrated by analyzing a high-frequency financial data set from the German DAX of 2016.

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PHYSICAL SCIENCES

6- Extended Methodology for DFA and DCCA: Application of Automatic Search Procedure and Correlation Map to the Weierstrass-Mandelbrot Functions

EULER B.S. MARINHO, AMIN BASSREI & ROBERTO F.S. ANDRADE

Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) and detrended cross correlation analysis (DCCA) are used in this study to identify and characterize correlated data. The objective of these two techniques is to separate different fluctuations from the contributions due to external trends by evaluating the autocorrelation and cross-correlation exponents, in order to determine if scale properties persist with the size of the series. Two new methodologies were extended from cross-correlation coefficients for local analysis: automatic search procedure and correlation map. The simulations using the Weierstrass-Mandelbrot functions enabled us to identify several properties inherent to the magnitude, the signal and the original series.

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7- On the stability of Laplace resonance for Galilean moons (Io, Europa, Ganymede)

SERGEY ERSHKOV & DMYTRO LESHCHENKO

This is absolutely new ansatz in theory of tidal dissipation with main aim to obtain the elegant analytical solutions at determination of the orbital evolution of the satellites. We established the fact that Laplace resonance should be valid and stable on a timescale of centuries in the future.

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8- Hierarchical Structure and Magnetic Behavior of Zn-Doped Magnetite Aqueous Ferrofluids Prepared from Natural Sand for Antibacterial Agents

AHMAD TAUFIQ, DEFI YULIANTIKA, SUNARYONO SUNARYONO, ROSY E. SAPUTRO, NURUL HIDAYAT, NANDANG MUFTI, HENDRA SUSANTO, SIRIWAT SOONTARANON & HADI NUR

Nanoscience has led to various state-of-the-art nanotechnological advancements in this modern era. This study presents natural sand-based synthesis of Zn-doped magnetite nanoparticles in the aqueous ferrofluids. With an increase in the Zn content, the lattice parameters of the Zn-doped magnetite nanoparticles increased. Moreover, the primary particles of the Zn-doped magnetite aqueous ferrofluids tended to construct chain-like structures. The gas-like compression plays as better model than the Langevin theory to fit the saturation magnetization of the ferrofluids. Interestingly, the Zn-doped magnetite aqueous ferrofluids exhibited excellent antibacterial activity against gram-positive and negative bacteria, making them potentially suitable for advanced biomedical applications.

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CHEMICAL SCIENCES

9- Phytochemical profile of Cespedesia spathulata leaves (Ochnaceae) and its effect on tyrosinase enzyme

DÉBORA R. DE OLIVEIRA, MARIANA R. DA SILVA, OTÁVIO A. CHAVES, ROSANE N. CASTRO, MARCIA C.C. DE OLIVEIRA, RAIMUNDO BRAZ-FILHO & MÁRIO G. DE CARVALHO

The knowledge about chemical composition of Cespedesia spathulata confirmed the botanical classification and leads to the identification of secondary metabolites that allowed for their biological properties. It’s guided the choice of pharmacological properties to be evaluated with the material under study. In this sense, the presence of ±catechins activated the enzymatic activity of tyrosinase (the main enzyme responsible for the synthesis of melanin) in 384%. The theorical calculations of both physicochemical properties and molecular anchoring suggest better activation of this enzyme by ±catechins than by the natural substrate L-DOPA. Indicating these compounds with potential exploitation in skin hypopigmentation diseases.

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10- The Brazilian octocoral Phyllogorgia dilatata as a source of cytotoxic compounds

THAYSSA S.F. FAGUNDES, ARTHUR L. MACEDO, DHIEGO B. RIGATO, BRUNO S. DO AMARAL, PAULA CHRISTINE JIMENEZ, LETÍCIA V. COSTA-LOTUFO, RENATA F.A. PEREIRA, FÁBIO AGUIAR-ALVES, ANGÉLICA R. SOARES, THATYANA R.A. VASCONCELOS, QUEZIA B. CASS & ALESSANDRA L. VALVERDE

Marine corals and other organisms from aquatic ecosystems are recognized for producing substances that can become medicines for the treatment of many diseases. In this research, it was verified that the Brazilian coral Phyllogorgia dilatata, collected in the waters of Búzios - RJ, has a mixture of substances, known as germacrones, with a great potential capable of inhibiting the growth of human breast and colorectal cancer cells. Although this is an initial study, the activity observed here supports the continuity of research in the search for potential anticancer drugs.

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BIOMEDICAL SCIENCES

11- Evaluation of the genetic toxicity of sofosbuvir and simeprevir with and without ribavirin in a human-derived liver cell line

CARINA S. LIBRELOTTO, ANA PAULA DE SOUZA, MÁRIO R. ÁLVARES-DA-SILVA, DANIEL SIMON & RAFAEL R. DIHL

The main objective of pharmacological therapy for chronic hepatitis C is the eradication of the virus. A better understanding of the replicative cycle of HCV allowed the identification of new therapeutic targets and thus, direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) emerged. Among the main approved DAAs for the treatment of hepatitis C are sofosbuvir and simeprevir. Despite the high efficacy of DAAs, in vitro tests can increase knowledge about the safety of these drugs, promoting the adoption of therapeutic regimens that are more appropriate for each situation. In this context, it is important to assess the potential toxicological effects of DAAs, alone and in combination.

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HEALTH SCIENCES

12- Morphological alterations in gastrointestinal organs of western-diet obese rats submitted to vertical sleeve gastrectomy or Roux-en-Y gastric bypass

ALANA G.C. GUIMARÃES, LUANA E.S. LOPES, ANGÉLICA N. CAPELASSI, ALLAN C.F. ARAÚJO, SANDRA L. BALBO, HELENE N.H. BLANC, ISRAELLE N. FREITAS, JULIANA N. SILVA, ROSANE A. RIBEIRO & MARIA LÚCIA BONFLEU

In the present work, we present new evidence about the morphological alterations in some gastrointestinal organs after the bariatric procedures of vertical sleeve gastrectomy (VSG) and in Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB). In cafeteria diet-obese rats, which is more similar to the human diet, we found gastrointestinal morphological modifications that are dependent on the type of bariatric operation performed. Thus, our findings may resemble those that occur in the digestive organs of subjects submitted to these procedures that do not change their feeding habits, post-surgery.

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13- COVID-19 pandemic and the answer of science: a year in review

EDUARDO A. OLIVEIRA, MARIA CHRISTINA L. OLIVEIRA, DANIELLA B. MARTELLI, ENRICO ANTÔNIO COLOSIMO, LUDMILA R. SILVA, KATHARINA LANZA, HERCÍLIO MARTELLI-JÚNIOR & ANA CRISTINA SIMÕES E SILVA

Our article analyzed the response of the scientific community to the first pandemic of the 21st century. We evaluated the number of articles published during the first year of the pandemic. We found 60,830 articles related to COVID-19 in medical journals from January 24 to December 13, 2020. Four countries accounted for about 60% of the articles (USA, China, Italy, and England) and 12 countries accounted for about 95% of all scientific production (USA, China, Italy, England, India, Canada, Germany, Spain, Australia, Brazil, Iran, and Turkey). The amount of published articles reflects a fast and robust response of the scientists.

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14- Evaluation of the protocol for thirst management using ice popsicles in the immediate postoperative period: A pilot study in southern Brazilian hospital

DENISE M. TEREZA, GABRIELA M. BALDASSO, RODRIGO S. PAES, MARIA E.J. PACHECO, PATRÍCIA P.S. ROSA, BEATRIZ VENDRAMINE, SERGIO C. HULSE, RAFFAELE CAPASSO & RAFAEL C. DUTRA

Water has an essential role in the human body’s metabolism, comprehend 80% of the composition of body tissues. Thirst corresponds as an essential mechanism related to the maintenance of water balance. In this way, dehydration promotes intracellular and extracellular volume changes resulting in a cascade of modifications that initiate a systemic response, named hypovolemic and osmotic thirst, respectively. As a physiological stimulus, the cascade begins before the water intake and continues during drinking through awareness of osmoreceptors and volume receptors in the gastrointestinal tract. Ice popsicles contribute to the activation of thermal receptors in the oropharynx, leading to thirst satiety.

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CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

15- The Comparisons of Fatty Acid Composition in Some Anaerobic Gut Fungi Neocallimastix, Orpinomyces, Piromyces, and Caecomyces

BÜLENT KAR, EMIN ÖZKÖSE & MEHMET SAIT EKINCI

Fatty acid composition is one of the methods used in identifying microorganisms and revealing their differences. Among the biochemical data used in my taxonomies of other fungi, it is possible to find available classifications according to fatty acid compositions. However, for anaerobic rumen fungi, it has not yet been determined or evaluated in terms of cell fatty acid compositions. Through gas chromatography-mass spectrophotometer-based techniques, the total fatty acid profile of each isolate can be used to classify and identify anaerobic gut fungi. When evaluated from this point of view, our study offers a new approach.

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MICROBIOLOGY

16- Carbonate and silicate dissolving bacteria isolated from home-made yogurt samples

FURKAN ORHAN, ABDULLAH DEMIRCI & ARZU GORMEZ

Determination of the bacterial diversity is an important issue for the public health. Therefore, in this study, we aimed to investigate for the first time the bacterial diversity of homemade yogurt samples obtained in local farmers in order to determine the appropriateness of the yogurt samples. The results showed that some of the homemade yogurt sample are appropriate while the others are not due to the presence of pathogenic bacteria in the yogurt samples which could be due to milking with either dirty hands, collecting in dirty milking pails or un-cleaned udders. Besides, the bacterial isolates have also been investigated for their carbonate dissolution abilities.

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17- Ureaplasma diversum clearance in lung mice infection is mediated by neutrophils

JAMILE R. DA SILVA, PERCÍLLIA V.S. DE OLIVEIRA, PATRICIA NOLASCO, HUGO SANTANA, IZADORA S. REZENDE, DENISAR P. DOS SANTOS, JORGE TIMENETSKY, LUCAS M. MARQUES, TIANA B. FIGUEIREDO & ROBSON A.A DA SILVA

Pneumonia in cattle is one of the causes of morbidity rates and economic loss. The host response to lung infections caused by Ureaplasma diversum in bovines is virtually unknown. Here in the immune response was evaluated in a murine model for an experimental pulmonary infection by U. diversum. Our results evidenced the presence of U. diversum within the neutrophil. The immune response features reported here are the initial evidence that healthy immune systems may control these microorganisms. This may be the first step to design new strategies immune based to control the infections in naturally infected hosts.

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18- Biotechnological potential of microorganisms from textile effluent: isolation, enzymatic activity and dye discoloration

SUZAN P.F. BERNAL, MILENE M.A. LIRA, JAMES JEAN-BAPTISTE, PAULO EDUARDO GARCIA, ELIZIANE BATISTA, JÚLIA R. OTTONI & MICHEL R.Z. PASSARINI

The present study evaluated the biotechnological potential of filamentous fungi isolated from an effluent industrial textile related to the production of enzymes of industrial interest, namely, laccase, cellulase, amylase, and lipase well as the ability to discolor synthetic dyes. Of a total of 45 fungi isolated, 73% had enzyme-producing potential or synthetic dye discoloration capacity. The work demonstrates the biotechnological potential of these fungi in industrial and bioremediation processes.

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19- Antibacterial potencial of 12 Lichen species

ANA C. MICHELETTI, NELI K. HONDA, LUCIANA M. RAVAGLIA, TATIANA MATAYOSHI & ADRIANO A. SPIELMANN

Resistant bacterial infections are a major public health problem worldwide, which entails the need to search for new therapeutic agents. Lichens are symbiotic associations between fungi and algae that produce lots of structurally diverse compounds that have attractive biological properties, including antimicrobial activity. Thus, we´ve evaluated the potential of 12 lichen species to inhibit the growth of 5 bacterial strains, including resistant clinical ones. The most active extracts were from Cladonia borealis, Cladina confusa, Stereocaulom ramulosum and Canoparmelia cryptochlorophaea, and the information obtained can contribute for the efforts to find new antimicrobial compounds.

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ECOSYSTEMS

20- New insights on the relation between zooplankton and humic substances in tropical freshwater ecosystems

CLARICE C. NOVA, ADRIANA M. ROCHA, CHRISTINA W.C. BRANCO & REINALDO L. BOZELLI

This article brings a new perspective on the relationship of aquatic communities facing environmental gradients. The relationships between the zooplankton community and different environmental variables were studied in the aquatic environments of Northern Rio de Janeiro State (RJ, Brazil), within a Conservation Unit. These ecosystems have a great species diversity and are represent a prolific field in the study of ecological relations. We were able to observe changes in species composition, abundance, and zooplankton biomass along a gradient of terrestrial organic matter input in tropical environments.

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21- Toxic effects of chlorpyrifos, cypermethrin and glyphosate on the non-target organism Selenastrum capricornutum (Chlorophyta)

CAROLINA FERNÁNDEZ, VIVIANA ASSELBORN & ELISA R. PARODI

Despite the wide range of benefits provided by the application of pesticides during the last decades, the use of such compounds has become increasingly controversial owing to the side effects for human health and for the ecosystems. Microalgae are the most important primary producers in most aquatic systems and their sensitivity to pollutants directly leads to overall deteriorations in many ecosystems. In this study the pesticides glyphosate, chlorpyrifos and cypermethrin showed deleterious effects on population growth and cell morphology and ultrastructure of the non-target organisms Selenastrum capricornutum indicating a high ecological risk for this compound.

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22- Modelling the effect of density vegetation coverage and the occurrence of peridomestic infestation by Triatoma infestans in rural houses of northwest of Córdoba, Argentina

MIRIAM CARDOZO, ELIZABET L. ESTALLO, CAROLA SORIA, CLAUDIA S. RODRÍGUEZ, ANA G. LÓPEZ, JULIETA NATTERO & LILIANA B. CROCCO

Chagas disease continues to be a serious public health problem in Latin America. Although vector control activities succeed in reducing domicile infestation by Triatoma infestans (main vector), high peridomicile infestation persists in several areas. The peridomicile is considered one of the main sources of reinfestation because it offers numerous refuges for triatomines in proximity to stable food sources (domestic animals), so the study of ecological factors affecting triatomines dispersal is key to understanding the reinfestation patterns. In this study we discussed the effect of the vegetation as a potential modulator of the dispersion strategies of T. infestans in peridomicile environments.

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23- Benthic macrofauna associated to the invasive bivalve Mytilopsis leucophaeata (Dreissenidae) in a coastal lagoon in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

ANTONIO JAILSON DE S. RODRIGUES, MAURÍCIO R. FERNANDES, IGOR C. MIYAHIRA, LUCIANO N. DOS SANTOS & CARLOS HENRIQUE S. CAETANO

The dark false mussel Mytilopsis leucophaeata has been registered as invasive in several countries around the world, presenting high densities and often causing several economics and environmental impacts. In Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, the composition of the benthic fauna associated with this invasive mussel was described and assessed monthly during a two-year study. It was observed that variations in the water quality parameters, distribution and abundance patterns of specific benthic species, and densities of M. leucophaeata are related to changes in community structure.

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24- Anurans trophic dynamic and guild structure in tropical dry forests of the Caribbean region of Colombia

ARGELINA BLANCO-TORRES, MARTA DURÉ & MARÍA ARGENIS BONILLA

Studies on the exploitation of trophic resources allow to establish interactions between predators and predator-prey, and its spatial-temporal dynamics is a tool for studying the interaccions and ecosystems energy flows. We analysed stomach contents of 19 anuran species from tropical dry forests of Colombia. Two anurans guilds were identified according to diet structure and habitat use. A considerable number of species did not clearly group in community trophic structure analysis. Spatial-temporal differences of diet composition and overlap proved that anuran species of tropical dry forest in the Colombian Caribbean display trophic resources partitioning, as a mechanism of coexistence.

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25- Erotylina Curran (Coleoptera, Erotylidae, Erotylini): redescription of type species, potential species groups and diversity of color patterns

ITALO S. DE CASTRO PECCI-MADDALENA, PAUL E. SKELLEY & LÚCIA M. DE ALMEIDA

The type species of the colorful genus Erotylina Curran (Coleoptera: Erotylidae), Erotylus leopardus Lacordaire, is redescribed and the first descriptions of several morphological structures and new data on its geographical distribution are provided. Erotylus nicaraguae Crotch is proposed as new junior synonymy of E. leoparda and lectotypes are designated for three species of Erotylina. Erotylina leoparda includes two discrete morphs distributed across a latitudinal gradient, with intermediate and continuous variations distributed across altitudinal and temperature gradients. This is the first clearest evidence of a relation between coloration, latitude, altitude, temperature variations and the distributional patterns of a taxon in Erotylidae.

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26- Ontogenetic diet shifts: an additional mechanism for successful invasion of a piranha species in a Neotropical floodplain

GUSTAVO H. ZAIA ALVES, BRUNO R.S. FIGUEIREDO, GISLAINE I. MANETTA & EVANILDE BENEDITO

In this study we aimed to identify whether changes the diet of the piranha Serrasalmus marginatus through its development (ontogenetic shifts) would result in an additional mechanism that helped this species become a successful invader in the Upper Paraná floodplain. We used stable isotopes as tools to identify this mechanism. Our results showed that as the piranha grows it changes its food habits, avoiding competition with juveniles. It indicates that this shift in food habits facilitates the invasive process of this piranha and, together with other mechanisms, helped the species to establish in this environment.

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27- A new subgenus of Nabis Latreille (Heteroptera: Nabidae) from South America and a key to the subgenera worldwide, with notes about comparative morphology of the genitalia

MARCELA CORNELIS, FERNANDO DIEZ & MARÍA DEL CARMEN COSCARÓN

In this work, we analyze the position of the Nabis punctipennis species complex and propose a new subgenus for them. We also propose new morphological characters for this group and discuss the relation with other subgenera. Finally, we provide a key to the Nabis subgenera of the world, including the new taxon here designed. Additional information of N. argentinus, N. faminei, N. paranensis and N. punctipennis, as well as descriptions, photographs and illustrations of male and female genitalia, are provided. The position of N. ashworthi in Nabis is analyzed and the transfer to the subgenus Dolichonabis Reuter is proposed.

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28- Albinism in Artibeus planirostris (Chiroptera, Phyllostomidae) in the Caatinga biome and updated list of albino bats in Brazil

EDSON S.B. LEAL, THAÍS C. LIRA, ANA C.L. GARCIA & MARTÍN A. MONTES

Albinism is the lack of natural pigmentation of a species. In this work we collected an albino bat of Artibeus planirostris. A pregnant female of this species was collected in Caatinga (Brazil). After reviewing the data of albino bats in Brazil, we verified that this is the 16th specimen collected in the country.

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29- Functional response and preference of Diachasmimorpha longicaudata (Hymenoptera: Braconidae) in Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus (Diptera: Tephritidae)

DEISI L. ALTAFINI, LUIZA R. REDAELLI, SIMONE M. JAHNKE & CAIO F.S. EFROM

Diachasmimorpha longicaudata is a braconid parasitoid most used in biological control programs for Tephritidae fruit flies worldwide. We evaluated the number of host successfully attacked per parasitoid in seven larval densities (functional response) of two fruit flies (Ceratitis capitata and Anastrepha fraterculus). The species showed a functional response regardless of the density of host larvae (Type III), in both species. The number of individuals parasitized and the percentage of female emergence were Superior in A. fraterculus. Parasitism index and progeny of female parasitoids in the field can be incremented using larvae of A. fraterculus in the laboratory parasitoids rearing.

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30- The role of spatial heterogeneity in diversity of squamate reptiles in the Atlantic Forest highlands of southeastern Brazil

SILARA F. BATISTA, RICARDO J. SAWAYA & OTAVIO A.V. MARQUES

The heterogeneity of the vegetation is considered to be one of the most important factors that can influence the diversity of species in a region. Lizards and snakes are good models for these studies, once these animals share available resources in the environment, that are used in diversified ways. We investigate how their diversity varies throughout a heterogeneous area in southeastern Atlantic Forest. Species composition varied, with some species being associated with a particular vegetation. Besides that, the space (i.e. the location of samples) also influenced the diversity. Therefore, both heterogeneity and space structure the squamate diversity in this area.

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31- Rethinking the pollination syndromes in Hymenaea (Leguminosae): the role of anthesis in the diversification

ISYS M. SOUZA, FREDERIC M. HUGHES, LIGIA S. FUNCH & LUCIANO P. DE QUEIROZ

Hymenaea, a genus popularly named “jatobá”, has been widely associated to bat pollination due to the nocturnal flowers with copious nectar for the majority of species studied so far. However, we report for the first time, diurnal anthesis and legitimate visits by hummingbirds to the flowers of Hymenaea oblongifolia var. latifolia, restricted to the Atlantic Rainforest. The novelty raised up the investigation of mechanisms of floral diversification in the genus based on the identification of evolutionary shifts in floral traits associated with potential pollinators. Our phylogenetic analysis suggests that bat pollination is ancestral in Hymenaea, with bird pollination evolving later.

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32- Biodiversity and interannual variation of cyanobacteria density in an estuary of the brazilian Amazon

ALINE L. GOMES, CELLY J.S. CUNHA, MARCELO O. LIMA, ELIANE B. DE SOUSA, VANESSA B. COSTA-TAVARES & JUSSARA M. MARTINELLI-LEMOS

Cyanobacteria account for almost half of the air we breathe. It is incredible that despite this, we know very little about its diversity and distribution in the largest estuarine system in the world. Our work helps to fill this gap. We identified 31 species with four taxa have been newly found in the Northern Region. Some of the found genera have already been described as potential toxin producers. Although no bloom was observed during the period studied, the Pará River estuary should be constantly monitored because potentially toxic species were both qualitatively and quantitatively important in the region.

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ANIMAL SCIENCE

33- Inclusion of industrial egg residue in the feed of laying hens to replace limestone: digestibility, productive performance and egg quality

MAURICIO BARRETA, MARCEL M. BOIAGO, ALINE ZAMPAR, BRUNO F. FORTUOSO, ROGER R. GEBERT, EDUARDO ROSCAMP, ROSILENE C. OLIVEIRA, JÉSSICA D. DALIANE, MARINDIA KOLM, GABRIELA M. GALLI & ALEKSANDRO S. DA SILVA

Industrial egg production is becoming increasingly common worldwide. These processes generate large volumes of waste, most of which is currently used as organic fertilizer or is discarded in landfills. This material consists primarily of shells and residual albumen and until this research it had not been tested as a feed for commercial laying hens in terms of its composition, digestibility or effects on production. We conclude that the use of industrial egg residue cannot replace lime in the feeding of commercial laying hens, as it reduces performance and affects egg quality.

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34- Toxicological, biochemical and morphophysiological effects of Serjania erecta leaf aqueous extract on Piaractus mesopotamicus

ARLENE S. VENTURA, RUY A.C. CORRÊA FILHO, LOUISE N. SPICA, ANA CREMILDA F. SILVA, ANDREA M. DE ARAÚJO GABRIEL, CLAUDIA A.L. CARDOSO, GABRIELA T. JERÔNIMO & JAYME A. POVH

The Serjania erecta plant is characterized by having important properties such as antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory. Faced with the expansion of aquaculture and the eminent search for sustainable production. This study was carried out to determine the toxicity and biochemical and morphophysiological changes caused by the aqueous extract of Serjania erecta leaf in pacu (Piaractus mesopotamicus). There was mortality in fish exposed to concentrations above 50 μg mL^{– 1} of S. erecta extract. In addition, exposure to this extract caused serious morphofunctional changes in the gills and liver of fish, such as necrosis and fatty degeneration.

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35- Lipid stability of egg and laying performance of Japanese quail feed with extract of guava (Psidium guajava L.)

HELDER F. DE OLIVEIRA, HELOISA HELENA DE C. MELLO, NADJA S.M. LEANDRO, ALESSANDRA G. MASCARENHAS, EDEMILSON C. DA CONCEIÇÃO, EMMANUEL ARNHOLD, MOACIR E. LAGE & MARIA IZABEL A. SOUZA

A study aiming to evaluate the effect of guava extract (GE) on laying performance and lipid stability of egg of Japanese quails. It was verified that the laying performance were not influenced by the inclusion of GE in the feed. The eggshell thickness decreased linearly. It has been related in literature, that the use of an antioxidant could improve the bone mineralization. The GE could result in prioritization of bone formation in detriment of eggshell development. That using 4.8 g.kg^-1 of GE on feed results in less lipid oxidation of eggs stored for nine days.

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36- Cytogenetic approaches provide evidence of a conserved diploid number and cytological differences between Proceratophrys species (Anura: Odontophrynidae)

MARCELO JOÃO DA SILVA, MURILO D. SANTOS, THIAGO GAZONI, LUIZA R. CHOLAK, CÉLIO FERNANDO B. HADDAD & PATRICIA P. PARISE-MALTEMPI

In a cytogenetic approach, this study was carried out with the aim of providing unpublished karyotypic data of Proceratophrys schirchi, Proceratophrys laticeps and Proceratophrys melanopogon, as well as a review of the karyotype of Proceratophrys boiei. All analyzed species presented a diploid number of 2n = 22 chromosomes. We found considerable chromosomal differences in P. melanopogon and P. boiei (southern Brazil). Furthermore, we describe a possible sex chromosome differentiation system in P. schirchi. Our data show that the genus Proceratophrys is an interesting group for evolutionary studies and sex chromosome differentiation in anuran amphibians.

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37- Carcass and commercial cuts yields of caiman (Caiman crocodilus yacare) farmed in a ranching system in the Brazilian Pantanal

NATALIA B.C. MEDEIROS, MARCOS RODRIGUES, DRAUSIO H. MORAIS & MARÍLIA D. NUNES-RODRIGUES

The study of the use of caiman (Caiman crocodilus yacare) carcasses created with commercial intent is intended to serve as a tool for commercial viability analysis. We evaluated the carcass yield and commercial cuts of the Pantanal Jacaré meat as a function of sex and weight categories, in addition to analyzing recipes. We observed that the alligator carcass yield is high, and that heavier animals resulted in higher yields of prime cuts. And regarding revenue, we believe that the sale of whole carcasses would result in greater financial results for producers.

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38- Carcass characteristics and meat quality of male pigs submitted to surgical or immunological castration

HENRIQUE C.M. MUNIZ, EDUARDA S. DE LIMA, LUCIANE I. SCHNEIDER, DANIELA R. KLEIN, LEONARDO T. DA ROCHA, JOSÉ L. NÖRNBERG, ARLEI R.B. DE QUADROS & VLADIMIR DE OLIVEIRA

Pigs are castrated through surgical castration, but that procedure has been receiving criticism for causing pain to the animal. An alternative recommended to improve the welfare of the animals is immunocastration. Many scientific data show that immunocastrated pigs have good zootechnical performance. However, a relatively few data exist comparing carcass characteristics and meat quality of surgical and immunocastrated pigs. The main results observed showed that immunocastrated pigs have a higher amount of meat in the carcass and the surgically castrated a higher carcass yield, but with a higher fat content.

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39- Comparative effect of cryoprotectant combinations on the conservation of somatic cells derived from jaguar, Panthera onca, towards the formation of biologic banks

LHARA R.M. DE OLIVEIRA, ÉRIKA A. PRAXEDES, MARIA B. SILVA, LEANDRO R. RIBEIRO, HERLON V.R. SILVA & ALEXSANDRA F. PEREIRA

Somatic cell banks represent important tools for the conservation of biological material from endangered species, such as the jaguar. These cells, when properly stored, can be used in multiplication and conservation by cloning by nuclear transfer and induction of cells induced to pluripotency. Thus, we established the combination of cryoprotectants for the establishment of somatic jaguar cell banks, in order to guarantee cell viability after thawing.

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CROP SCIENCE

40- Edible Coating with Jambolan (Syzigium cumini L.) Peel and Leaf Extracts to Reduce Color Changes, Mass Loss and to Increase β-Carotene Retention of Minimally Processed Papaya

ANA CAROLINA B. POLIDO, SANDRIANE PIZATO & KEILA DE SOUZA SILVA

The quality of papaya quickly decreases when it is minimally processed. Jambolan peel and leaves extract can be beneficial to delay the accelerated loss of quality of this fruit, with this, coatings containing pectin and extract of the peel and leaf of the jambolan tree were prepared and these were applied to minimally processed papaya and evaluated during storage at 5°C for 9 days. The results demonstrated that the studied coating set with extracts (peel and leaves) of jambolan, was efficient to preserve the color, the mass loss and the β-carotene content of the minimally processed papaya.

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41- Evaluation of models to estimate the actual evapotranspiration of soybean crop subjected to different water deficit conditions

ÉLVIS DA S. ALVES, LINEU N. RODRIGUES, FERNANDO F. CUNHA & DIEGO B.S. FARIAS

Optimization of water use for irrigation will only be possible with the adjustment of management, which is directly related to the correct estimate of the actual evapotranspiration of the crop. The present study aimed to evaluate different mathematical approaches used in estimating the actual evapotranspiration in the soybean culture subjected to different water deficit conditions. Irrigation management in the treatments was conducted so as to maintain different levels of water available in the soil (AW). In general, considering the whole study, the Jensen and Heermann model was the one which best represented the actual evapotranspiration of soybean crop in the Cerrado region.

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42- Leaf structure and ultrastructure changes induced by heat stress and drought during seed filling in field-grown soybean and their relationship with grain yield

CONSTANZA S. CARRERA, STELLA M. SOLÍS, MARÍA S. FERRUCCI, CLAUDIA C.R. VEGA, BEATRIZ G. GALATI, VERÓNICA ERGO, FERNANDO H. ANDRADE & RAMIRO H. LASCANO

In the last 20 years, several manuscripts have analyzed the effects of heat stress (HS) or water stress (WS) on soybean production. However, little attention has been given to the combined effect of both stresses on soybean, and even less under field conditions. Our results indicated that HS and/or WS caused detrimental effects on yield, but WS prevailed over HS. Leaf area was mainly affected by WS, while leaf thickness by HS, associated with water conservation and heat dissipation acclimation strategies, respectively. However, these changes induced an irreversible reduction of CO₂ assimilation sites. Both stresses provoked damage in chloroplasts' outer and inner membranes, causing loss of chlorophyll content and negatively affecting chlorophyll fluorescence parameters. To the best of our knowledge, this paper is the first attempt to integrate relationships between leaf photosynthetic performance, structure and ultrastructure, and yield generation in field stressed soybean through a novel multiscale and morpho-functional approach.

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43- Physicochemical, antioxidant, rheological, and sensory properties of juice produced with guava pulp and peel flour

THAIRLA V.B. SILVA, ISABELA J. IWASSA, ANDERSON R. SAMPAIO, SUELEN P. RUIZ & BEATRIZ C. BOLANHO BARROS

Guava juice formulations were produced with the addition of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% of guava by-product flour (GBF) and they were evaluated as physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial parameters. There was an increase in the content of dietary fiber, anthocyanins and in the antioxidant activity with GBF addition, but no changes occurred in the content of soluble solids, total phenolic compounds and ascorbic acid content. The guava juice containing 1% GBF received better sensorial scores than the other formulations. A shelf life of 14 days is recommended to maintain the characteristics of guava juice adequate to consumer health and acceptability.

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44- Bioactivity and molecular properties of Phenoxyacetic Acids Derived from Eugenol and Guaiacol compared to the herbicide 2,4-D

THAMMYRES A. ALVES, PATRÍCIA F. PINHEIRO, MILENE M. PRAÇA-FONTES, LARISSA F. ANDRADE-VIEIRA, MAICON P. LOURENÇO, MATEUS R. LAGE, THAYLLON A. ALVES, FRANCELI A. CRUZ, JOSÉ W.M. CARNEIRO, ADÉSIO FERREIRA & TAÍS C.B. SOARES

Herbicides are agrochemicals applied in the control of weeds. With the frequent use of these substances, serious problems have been reported. Compounds of natural origin and their derivatives are attractive options to obtain new compounds with herbicidal properties. By aiming to develop compounds with potentiated herbicidal activity, phenoxyacetic acids were synthesized from eugenol and guaiacol. The synthesized compounds were characterized and the herbicidal potential was evaluated through bioassays. The molecular properties of the phenols and their derivatives phenoxyacetic acids were compared with the ones obtained for the herbicide 2,4-D where it was found association between their structures and bioactivity.

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45- Performance of phytosanitary products for control of soybean caterpillar

FÁBIO S.P. BORGES, ELISÂNGELA S. LOUREIRO, JUAN ESTEBAN JAURRETCHE, LUIS GUSTAVO A. PESSOA, LUCAS A. ARRUDA, PAMELLA M. DIAS & ACACIO A. NAVARRETE

The present work evaluated the efficiency of applied biological control and chemical control of Chrysodeixis includens. The experiment consisting of two different doses of Bacillus thuringiensis, Metarhizium rileyi, insecticide Flubendiamide and the control treatment. The reduction of the pest and the percentage of efficiency of the products along the development, besides some phytotechnical parameters, were evaluated thirteen days after the application. In general, there was a decrease in the number of caterpillars after thirteen days of spraying. Among the phytotechnical parameters evaluated, the biological treatments were superior to the chemical treatments in relation to the productivity.

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SOIL SCIENCE

46- Plant growth-promoting mechanisms and genetic diversity of bacteria strains isolated from Brachiaria humidicola and Brachiaria decumbens

JOÃO T.C. OLIVEIRA, ARTHUR P.A. PEREIRA, ADIJAILTON J. SOUZA, GILKA T. SILVA, WILLIANE P.S. DINIZ, EVERTHON F. FIGUEREDO, JÚLIA KUKLINSKY-SOBRAL & FERNANDO J. FREIRE

Plant growth-promoting bacteria have shown great interest in scientific research in recent decades, especially associated with increased production of agricultural commodities of high economic value. However, the biotechnological mechanisms used by such bacteria, when in association with species of forage grasses are still little known. Thus, identifying growth-promoting bacteria associated with forage grasses aims to assist in the development of bioproducts to increase plant production in tropical soils, in addition to improving soil health, minimizing the cost of production and, consequently, environmental disturbances.

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47- Physical-hydric attributes in Latossolo Amarelo under systems of use in the Cerrado/ Caatinga ecotone areas in Piauí State, Brazil

DJAVAN P. SANTOS, THIAGO R. SCHOSSLER, ISIS L. DOS SANTOS, NATHÁLIA B. MELO, JÚLIO CÉSAR A. NÓBREGA & GLENIO G. SANTOS

Areas of Cerrado/Caatinga ecotone in the Matopiba region have shown significant growth in agricultural production in recent decades, especially in soybean and corn cultivation. Thus, soil use and management alternatives with prospects of maintaining and/or increasing soil quality, become necessary to carry out scientific research in this region, as they are still incipient. Therefore, monitoring soil quality through physical and water attributes in different management systems is essential, because, in addition to being carried out at low cost, it presents significant responses for the adoption of rational management and to improve the region's potential. 

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48- Impact of coffee biochar on carbon, microbial biomass and enzyme activities of a sandy soil cultivated with bean

ARGEMIRO P. MARTINS FILHO, ERIKA V. DE MEDEIROS, JOSÉ ROMUALDO S. LIMA, DIOGO P. DA COSTA, GUSTAVO P. DUDA, JENIFER S.A. DA SILVA, JULYANA B. DE OLIVEIRA, ANTÔNIO C.D. ANTONINO, RÔMULO S.C. MENEZES & CLAUDE HAMMECKER

The excessive application of synthetic fertilizers causes excessive losses to the environment, leading to the eutrophication of water bodies and gas emissions. On the other hand, intensive agriculture depletes the soil nutrients, which must be supplied by the farmer. Therefore, alternatives are sought that reuse waste and are accessible to producers, such as biochar, to increase the soil quality. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of two biochar from coffee residues on properties of an Entisol cultivated with beans. We present the first report on the benefit of coffee biochar on the enzymatic and microbiological activities of the soil.

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49- X-ray fluorescence spectrometry applied to digital mapping of soil fertility attributes in tropical region with elevated spatial variability

LUCAS BENEDET, MATHEUS S. NILSSON, SÉRGIO HENRIQUE G. SILVA, MARCELO H.P. PELEGRINO, MARCELO MANCINI, MICHELE D. DE MENEZES, LUIZ ROBERTO G. GUILHERME & NILTON CURI

With the objective of accelerating the characterization of attributes related to soil fertility, this work evaluated the efficiency of a portable X-ray fluorescence spectrometer in predicting pH, sum of bases, contents of remaining P (P-rem) and soil organic matter using stepwise multiple linear regression and the Random Forest (RF) algorithm. The best predictions were achieved by  RF for sum of bases and P-rem. The results allowed the creation of maps of these attributtes related to soil fertility for the entire study area, with lower cost and greater speed.

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50- Integrated Environmental Management and Planning based on Soil Erosion Susceptibility Scenarios

ELENICE B. WEILER, MARÍLIA F. TAMIOSSO, JUSSARA C. CRUZ, JOSÉ MIGUEL REICHERT, LUIS PAULO B. SCHORR, BRUNO C. MANTOVANELLI, FERNANDA D. DOS SANTOS, ROBERTA A. FANTINEL & EDNER BAUMHARDT

A case study of a southern Brazilian watershed is presented, showing the potential for spatial use of the Universal Soil Loss Equation as an indicator of erosion susceptibility in land use planning and zoning. Different land use scenarios and potential erosion ranges were elaborated, enabling the construction of maps that indicate the soil compatibility for each soil use, respecting the tolerable limits of soil loss.

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51- Pedotransfer functions to estimate some soil properties in Indian Black Earth, south of Amazonas State

WILDSON B.M. BRITO, MILTON C.C. CAMPOS, IVANILDO A. DE OLIVEIRA, JOSÉ MAURÍCIO DA CUNHA, LUDMILA DE FREITAS, MARCELO D.R. SOARES & BRUNO C. MANTOVANELLI

The research developed explores aspects related to Indian Black Earth study and its attributes of pedoindicators associated with magnetic susceptibility. Current agriculture needs methodologies that assist in determining soil attributes and mapping the variability of these attributes with greater levels of detail. In this context, Magnetic Susceptibility (MS) is the degree of magnetization of a material in response to the application of a magnetic field. MS applied as Pedotransfer Function (PTF) becomes a powerful tool capable of estimating soil properties in a simple, fast, inexpensive way and with lower environmental impacts.

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FORESTRY SCIENCE

52- Colour changes and equilibrium moisture content on thermomechanical densified wood

DOUGLAS E. CARVALHO, MÁRCIO P. DA ROCHA, RICARDO J. KLITZKE & PEDRO HENRIQUE G. DE CADEMARTOR

This study investigated the changes in the color of the Gmelina arborea wood which underwent a thermomechanical densification process. The process was performed by applying three different temperatures (140 °C, 160 °C and 180 °C) with thickness reduction of 20% and 40% using 2.5 MPa equivalent pressure. The color change of the pieces was analyzed through the CIEL * a * b * system. The process proved to be effective to change the color and significantly reduce the  equilibrium moisture content in wood samples where the density was increase by 20% and 50% compared to natural wood.

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53- Steinernema diaprepesi Nguyen & Duncan (Rhabditida: Steinernematidae), a new entomopathogenic nematode from Brazil

ANDRÉ B. HORTA, ALIXELHE P. DAMASCENA, VANESSA R. DE CARVALHO, MURILO F. RIBEIRO, BÁRBARA M.C. CASTRO, CARLOS F. WILCKEN, JOSÉ C. ZANUNCIO & SILVIA R.S. WILCKEN

Entomopathogenic nematodes (EPNs) can control pests due to their mutual association with bacteria. The identification of EPNs adapted to specific environmental and climatic conditions is important for sustainable pest suppression in integrated management programs. This study, we report, for the first time, the occurrence of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema diaprepesi in eucalyptus cultivation in Brazil, increasing the knowledge about its distribution in the world and the diversity of EPNs that must be considered as agents of biological pest control.

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ENGINEERING SCIENCES

54- Evaluation of the bio-drying process of municipal solid waste using rotating drums Bio-drying rotary drum

FERNANDA FELTRIM, RONALDO L.S. IZZO, JULIANA L. ROSE, ANDRÉ B. MACHADO & SHEILA REGINA ORO

Most of the municipal solid waste collected is disposed of in landfills and controlled landfills. Some forms of recovery are taking the scene around the world, one of the technologies that can be used is bio-drying. This form of recovery combines forced aeration and exothermic degradation reaction of organic matter. After this process, the waste has a high calorific value, which makes its use and contribution to the energy matrix possible.

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55- Failure risk of Brazilian tailings dams: a data mining approach

TATIANA B. SANTOS & RUDINEI M. OLIVEIRA

This article presents an unsupervised analysis of Brazilian tailing dams with the due of identification of tailing dams similar to the last one which failed in the country, being that the dam from Germano mine (Samarco) and Córrego do Feijão mine (Vale). The technique used to analyze the data was a machine learning technique named genetic algorithm.

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56- Investigation of attributes of bourbon oil and cobalt nitrate constituted electrospun nanoscaffolds for blood compatibility and in vitro bone formation

SARAVANA K. JAGANATHAN & MOHAN P. MANI

A composite novel bone scaffold based on polyurethane (PU) mixed with bourbon oil (BB) and cobalt nitrate (CoNO₃) was fabricated via electrospinning technique. Composite bone scaffolds displayed enhanced physicochemical and bone forming properties compared to the PU scaffold. Composite scaffolds with the highlighted properties hold good potential for bone tissue engineering.

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57- Investigations on the adsorption, wettability, and zeta potential of anionic surfactant in limestone

ALLAN M. NEVES, VANESSA C. SANTANNA, JENNYS L.M. BARILLAS, TEREZA N. CASTRO DANTAS, KATHERINE C. OLIVEIRA & ALISSON G.B. GÓIS

Wettability is one important characteristic of reservoirs which affects oil production and recovery and impacts the economical viability of the projects. Carbonaceous rocks are mostly oil wettable, which partly accounts for their relatively low productivity. Enhanced oil recovery methods have been implemented to maximize oil production. Among these methods, chemical techniques involving the injection of surfactants can be developed. The use of surfactants in carbonaceous reservoirs aims to reverse their wettability, increasing oil flow and recovery. Therefore, the objective of this work was to investigate the ability of anionic surfactant to adsorb in limestone in order to promote wettability change.

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SOCIAL SCIENCES

58- The concept of monument in the map of 1942. Ibagué, Colombia

ANDRÉS E. FRANCEL-DELGADO & CLAUDIA URIBE-KAFFURE

We recompose the international context of the technique of aero photography, used by the Military Geographical Institute during the Second World War and the consequent tensions between the U.S. and the powerful nations of the axis in relation to Colombia and Brazil in Latin America. Tracing the concept of monument, the Liberal Party emerges like an ideology that tried to reorganise the country through the establishment of education and control the soil. This party negotiated a pact to stop the Colombian-Peruvian war 1932-1933, and signed the Roerich Pact in 1935 to protect the monuments.

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59- Conceptual model about the entrepreneurial university: design and validation with the PLS methodology

DANIEL HERNÁN VALERA-LOZA, JULIO GARCÍA DEL JUNCO & BEATRIZ PALACIOS-FLORENCIO

This work analyzes the relations between the cultural aspects of the entrepreneurial university, the carrying out of applied research and the creation of firms by university centres.  With a sample of 567 students, the existence of positive relations between the distinct variables which make up the idea of the entrepreneurial university is noted (entrepreneurial leadership, entrepreneurial curriculum, entrepreneurial culture, applied research, and firm creation and technology transfer). Also, in the area of non-Anglo-Saxon universities a positive effect of the impulse of entrepreneurial behaviours and activities on the starting up of new business initiatives by university graduates is observed.

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60- Charcoal anatomy of Brazilian species. II. 15 native species occurring in Atlantic or Amazon rainforest

NATACHA R. DE SOUZA-PINTO & RITA SCHEEL-YBERT

Charcoal remains identified through wood anatomy allow to recognize plants and vegetations that burned in the past. This benefits several fields of knowledge. For instance, in Archaeology, for reconstructing past landscapes and wood uses; in Paleoecology, for reconstructing past vegetations and climate; in Paleobotany, for asserting plants evolution; in Forest Sciences, for identifying illegally charred native vegetation; in Botany, for a better knowledge of wood and charcoal anatomy. But reliable charcoal identification depends on detailed descriptions of charcoal anatomy, which are still rare. This paper aims to help filling this gap by presenting descriptions for fifteen Brazilian native species.

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61- Science in society: What young Brazilians think about S&T

LUISA MASSARANI, YURIJ CASTELFRANCHI, IONE MENDES, VANESSA O. FAGUNDES & ILDEU MOREIRA

The article presents the main findings of the first survey conducted in Brazil on the public perception of science and technology (S&T) among youth ages 15 to 24 years old.  Results suggest that young people have a great interest in S&T (67%), medicine and health (74%), and environment (80%). They have a positive view of science and scientists and are in favor of investments in scientific research despite the country’s current economic crisis (94% said Brazil should not cut its investments in S&T). However, few interviewees were able to name a Brazilian scientist (5%) or scientific institution (12%).

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62- Gender Equality in Employment: A View from Kazakhstan

ZHANNA KHAMZINA, YERMEK BURIBAYEV, BINUR TAITORINA & GULZIRA BAISALOVA

The level of economic, social, political development of Kazakhstan after almost thirty years of development as an independent state presupposes the formation of special advanced demands of society and the authorities for reforming guarantees of equality in all spheres, including in the field of employment. The study, to a certain extent, satisfies the social and scientific demands for the modernization of guarantees of gender equality, for the wider involvement of women in economic relations and the wider participation of men in the fulfilment of family responsibilities. We have identified gender issues in the labour market, formulated recommendations to improve the implementation of a gender approach and mainstreaming in legislation.

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63- Handball in school: teaching of defensive contents

RAFAEL P. MENEZES

Identifying the contents and teaching approaches of team sports is an important challenge for Sports Science today, since these aspects can provide indicators for the development of specific pedagogical proposals. In this context, coaches assume fundamental roles in the planning and development of training tasks, to broaden players’ understanding of the cognitive and motor aspects of team sports (such as handball). This study aimed to identify the defensive contents and teaching approaches preferred by handball coaches of school teams. The findings contribute to the choice of specific content and teaching approaches of handball (and other teams sport) in school context.  

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64- Profiles not metrics: the case of Brazilian universities

CONCEPTA MCMANUS, ABILIO A. BAETA NEVES, JOSÉ ALEXANDRE DINIZ FILHO, ANDREA Q. MARANHÃO & ANTONIO G. SOUZA FILHO

Factors influencing impact of research produced by Brazilian research institutions and universities (HEIs) include the size and region of the HEI, field of knowledge and international collaboration.   Better classified research institutions tended to focus on their specific field of knowledge whereby universities show diversified publication profiles that should be better understood to guide policies within institutions and funding agencies. Universities and institutions without clear focus could be a reflection of a lack of value for competencies. There are indications that financial restrictions since 2016 have led to decreases in impact, so there is a need for continuous and affirmative financing.

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65- Open Access Publications with Article Processing Charge (APC) Payment: a Brazilian Scenario Analysis

BÁRBARA NEVES ALENCAR & MARCIA C. BARBOSA

The expansion of open access publications in developed countries has been supported by funding policies. This is not the case for Brazil. Even without specific finantial support, the percentage of the Brazilian scientific production published in open access is one of the highest in the world. Here we study the evolution of the open access publications in Brazil from 2012 to 2019. We found that this type of publications drifted from national to international journal, with a particular increase in megajournals.

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All abstracts of the publications were provided by the respective authors.

Annals of the Brazilian Academy of Sciences
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